Chapters 25-26 Flashcards
1
Q
- In a diagram depicting the solar system as heliocentric, what is located at the center?
(25. 1)
A
The sun.
2
Q
- When the absorption lines of a galaxy shift toward the blue end of the spectrum, it means that the galaxy is
(26. 5)
A
moving closer to Earth.
3
Q
- The big bang theory explains the
26. 5
A
origin of the universe.
4
Q
- Which of the following provides support for the big bang theory?
a. red shift
b. cosmic microwave background radiation
c. elliptical galaxies
d. both (a) and (b)
(26. 5)
A
d. both (a) and (b)
5
Q
- Dark matter can be detected by its
26. 5
A
gravitational effects on visible matter.
6
Q
- Much of the mass of the universe may be composed of
26. 5
A
dark matter.
7
Q
- The force of gravity that the sun exerts on a planet is directed_______________.
(25. 1)
A
toward the sun
8
Q
- The beginning of the “space race” occurred when the_______________launched the first artificial satellite in 1957.
(25. 1)
A
Soviet Union
9
Q
- Because there is no_______________on the moon, any liquid water would have evaporated into space long ago.
(25. 2)
A
atmosphere
10
Q
- A person weighing 540 newtons (about 121 pounds) on Earth would weigh about_______________newtons on the moon.
(25. 2)
A
90
11
Q
- The model of the universe in which Earth is stationary is the_______________model.
(25. 2)
A
geocentric
12
Q
- Venus’s day is_______________than its year.
25. 3
A
longer
13
Q
- The large, irregular objects mostly located between Mars and Jupiter are_______________.
(25. 3)
A
asteriods
14
Q
- The_______________is so great inside the gas giants that hydrogen and helium exist in liquid form.
(25. 4)
A
pressure or atmospheric pressure
15
Q
- The rings around the gas giants have not slumped to form moons because of large_______________forces.
(25. 4)
A
gravitational
16
Q
- The material that formed our solar system originated from a solar_______________.
(25. 5)
A
nebula
17
Q
- The difference in the composition of the terrestrial planets and the gas giants can be explained by the different condensation_______________in the regions near and far from the sun during the formation of the solar system.
(25. 5)
A
temperatures
18
Q
- The sun’s major source of fuel is_______________.
26. 1
A
hydrogen
19
Q
- The two forces that are balanced when a star is in equilibrium are outward pressure and_______________.
(26. 1)
A
gravity
20
Q
- Nuclear fusion within the sun takes place within the_______________.
(26. 1)
A
core
21
Q
- By using a spectrograph, a star’s absorption lines can identify the different_______________that a star is composed of.
(26. 2)
A
elements
22
Q
- In an H-R diagram, most stars are found in a diagonal band from the upper left to the lower right, which is called the_______________.
(26. 2)
A
main sequence
23
Q
- A contracting cloud of dust and gas with enough mass to form a star is called a(an)_______________.
(26. 3)
A
protostar
24
Q
- A young star forms when the pressure from_______________supports the star against the tremendous inward pull of gravity.
(26. 3)
A
fusion
25
59. New stars are not forming in older_______________galaxies.
(26. 4)
elliptical
26
60. The apparent change in frequency and wavelength of a sound or light source as it moves toward or away from an observer is called the_______________.
(26. 5)
Doppler effect
27
61. The theory that the universe came into being in a single moment with an enormous explosion is the_______________theory.
(26. 5)
big bang
28
62. Matter that does not give off any radiation is called_______________.
(26. 5)
dark matter
29
63. As a star stabilizes as a red giant, it produces carbon, oxygen, and other elements from the fusion of_______________.
(26. 2)
hellium
30
64. The characteristic pulsing of the radiation observed from a pulsar is caused by the neutron star's_______________.
(26. 3)
rotation
31
65. The observation that cosmic microwave background radiation is detected in all direction is the universe supports the hypothesis that the universe is_______________.
(26. 5)
expanding
32
66. What formed the moon's maria?
| 25. 2
ancient lunar lava flows
33
67. What is the composition of the Kuiper belt?
| 25. 4
ten of thousands of objects, mostly made of ice, dust, and rock
34
68. What is the theoretical source of the solar nebula from which our solar system formed?
(25. 5)
remnants of pervious stars
35
69. At least how much longer is the sun expected to remain a stable main sequence star?
(26. 1)
5 billion years
36
70. What is the innermost layer of the sun's atmosphere called?
(26. 1)
the photosphere
37
2. The orbit of a planet around the sun is a(an)?
| 25. 1
Ellipse.
38
3. Which of the following objects does NOT orbit directly around the sun?
(25. 1)
Moons.
39
4. What led to the discovery of three more planets than those that the ancient observer knew about?
(25. 1)
The invention of the the telescope in 1600.
40
5. Who was the first American is space?
| 25. 1
Alan Shepard.
41
6. Which of the following are currently operating the space station?
(25. 1)
A cooperative team of scientists from 16 countries.
42
7. How might a nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere on the moon affect the range of temperatures on the moon?
(25. 2)
An atmosphere might moderate temperatures, making them more even, as on Earth.
43
8. On the moon, maria are?
| 25. 2
Low, flat plains.
44
9. Soon after the collision with Earth, the materials that eventually formed the moon
(25. 2)
were bits of Earth's mantle encircling Earth.
45
10. The Four terrestrial planets are so called because they?
| 25. 3
Are similar in structure to Earth.
46
11. Which characteristic of the inner planets increases with increasing distance from the sun?
(25. 3)
Period of revolution.
47
12. Comets are made mostly of
| 25. 4
Ice and Rock
48
13. What is the difference between a meteoroid and a meteorite?
(25. 4)
A meteoroid is located in space; it becomes a meteorite when it hits Earth.
49
14. Which of the following is a wide belt of objects that extends beyond Pluto's orbit?
(25. 4)
The Kuiper Belt.
