Chapters 2 and 3 - Middle Ages/Renaissance

Question 1

Mass

Answer 1

Catholic celebration of the Eucharist (Lord’s Supper) consisting of liturgical texts set to music by composers starting in the Middle Ages

Question 2

Hymn

Answer 2

religious song most generally having multiple strophes (verses) of the same number and length of line and often rhymed

Question 3

Hildegard of Bingen

Answer 3

religious leader, artist, poet, scientist, and musician who became an abbess. Published more musical works than any other musician in the Middle Ages, male or female

Question 4

Melisma (Melismatic)

Answer 4

multiple pitches sung to one syllable of text

Question 5

Cadence

Answer 5

the ending of a musical phrase providing a sense of closure, often through the use of one chord that resolves to another

Question 6

A cappella

Answer 6

vocal music without instrumental accompaniment

Question 7

Guillaume de Machaut

Answer 7

wrote Messe de Nostre Dame, first full setting of the Ordinary of the Mass in polyphonic style

Question 8

Courtly Love

Answer 8

love for a beloved, without any concern for whether or not the love will be returned, called “courtly” because it was praised by those participating in medieval courts

Question 9

Martin Luther

Answer 9

Roman Catholic priest and eventual father of the Protestant Reformation; posted 95 theses in protest to current church practices

Question 10

Chanson

Answer 10

song

Question 11

Madrigal

Answer 11

musical piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love

Question 12

Motet

Answer 12

sacred Latin text polyphonic choral work not taken from the ordinary of the mass

Question 13

Reformation

Answer 13

succession and division from the practices of the Roman Catholic Church - initiated by Martin Luther. Led to the development of Protestant churches

Question 14

Counter-Reformation

Answer 14

the preservation movement against the Protestant reform that led to the development of the Jesuit order (1540) and the after assembling of the Council of Trent (1545-1563) which considered issues of the church’s authority and organizational structure

Question 15

Josquin des Prez

Answer 15

master of Renaissance choral music; published masses, motets, and secular vocal pieces

Question 16

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

Answer 16

wrote the Pope Marcellus Mass, based on recommendations by the Council of Trent to simplify church music

Question 17

Chorale

Answer 17

originally the result from the German Protestant church’s reformation. It is a hymn tune in four-part homophonic style sung by the church congregation. Chorales became the foundation for several cantatas and chorale preludes for organ

Question 18

William Byrd

Answer 18

English composer who wrote anthems for the Catholic church

Question 19

Anthem

Answer 19

musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, it referred to short sacred choral works adopted by the Anglican church

Question 20

Dance music

Answer 20

music composed specifically to facilitate or accompany dancing

Question 21

Chant

Answer 21

text set to a melody written in monophonic texture with free rhythm typically used in religious worship

Question 22

Monophonic (Monophony)

Answer 22

musical texture comprised of one melodic line; a melodic line that may be sung or played by one person or 100 people

Question 23

Polyphonic (Polyphony)

Answer 23

musical texture that simultaneously features two or more relatively independent and important melodic lines

Question 24

Syllabic

Answer 24

one note per syllable

Question 25

Humanism

Answer 25

intellectual and cultural movement that explored human interests and values through science, philosophy, and the arts

Question 26

Thomas Weelkes

Answer 26

wrote court music during the Renaissance, particularly madrigals

Question 27

Word painting

Answer 27

setting specific words to music that imitates the meaning of those words