Chapters 17-19 Flashcards
List some guidelines to follow when designing a color bed
Use masses of the same color for visual impact.
Use colors which pleasantly contrast with the background (house, fence, shrubs). For example: white petunias in front of a redwood fence.
Use combinations of colors that blend together. Example: white, pink, and violet.
Locate color in the landscape where you want to draw the visitors eye. Example: near doorways, along sidewalks, or at the end of a vista.
Discuss bed preparation, watering, and maintenance for bedding plants.
BED PREPARATION: Raised beds are recommended since good drainage is essential. Native soils should be generously amended with a combination of organic matter and sharp or builder’s sand. Light sandy soils should be generously amended with a two to four inch-layer of organic matter. Beds should be fertilized before planting with a complete general purpose fertilizer.
WATERING: Plants should be watered thoroughly immediately after planting. The beds should then be watered as needed when the soil dries out and the plants begin to show stress (slight wilting, drooping lower laves). As a rule, the foliage should not be watered, only the soil. Drip irrigation systems or soakers hoses are ideal for this purpose. Frequent overhead watering disturbs tender blossoms and leads to an increased incidence of disease.
MAINTENANCE: Keep beds mulched to reduce weed problems and prevent soil from splashing up on plants. Plants should be frequently deadheaded (remove the spent blossoms) to prevent seed formation. This encourages plants to produce more flowers over a longer period. If plants appear stunted, the foliage is pale and growth slows, lightly fertilize plants with a complete fertilizer that has a 3:1:2 or 4:1:2 ratio analysis. Care kust be exercised in the application of the correct amount of fertilizer to avoid afertilizer burn. When plants become rank or overgrown, they should be sheared back with hedge clippers to promote bushiness. When plants reach the end of their life cycle or season, they should be removed and replaced (pansy) or cut to the ground (mealy blue sage).
What is the minimum amount of full sunlight roses should receive?
8-10 hours
What are the best months to plant roses?
December-February
What is the best time to transplant roses?
Winter
Describe the best bed preparation for roses.
If the soil does not drain well, raised beds should be constructed using landscape timbers, cross ties, bricks, or other appropriate materials. Heavy clay soils should be amended with organic matter (pine bark mulch, peat moss, or compost) and sharp sand. Light sandy soil should be amended with organic matter only. A light application of a slow-release complete garden fertilizer should be mixed into the soil at the time of planting. A soil test should be made to determine whether soil pH should be corrected.
Discuss the watering and feeding requirements for roses.
Roses require one inch of water per week. It is better to keep them on the dry side than too wet. The soil should be watered slowly and thoroughly, and not watered again until it dries out. Wetting the foliage should be avoided as it leads to an increased incidence of disease. Roses thrive on regular feeding. Begin a fertilization program when new growth begins in the spring (March) and continue through late August or early September. Most general lawn fertilizers are ideal. Light regular feedings are most effective.
What principal insects cause problems on roses?
Thrips, aphids, red spider mite, and two-spotted spider mite.
What principal insects cause diseases on roses?
Black spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust, crown gall, fungal leaf spots, and stem canker.
Give 5 examples of horticultural professions regulated by the Louisiana department of agriculture and forestry.
Arborist
Retail florist
Wholesale florist
Horticulturist
Landscape architect
In order to obtain a license, a landscape contractor must __________ and __________
pass a state licensing exam
pay an annual fee to the Louisiana Agriculture and Forestry Commission
Three services needed by a contracting business.
Insurance
Accountants
Bonding
__________ are responsible for all aspects of the landscape design process, including preparing the drawings necessary for the implementations of the project, and estimating the proposed cost of the project.
Landscape architects
The bidding process begins with the preparation of a material quantity survey for the entire landscape project. Name six types of expenses that should be considered when developing competitive bids.
Costs of labor (direct job expense)
Cost of material (direct job expense)
Down time, rain time, non-productive time, etc. (indirect job expenses)
Administrative costs and in-housing equipment (overhead expenses)
Contingency cost and guarantee cost (overhead expenses)
Percentage of profit (overhead expenses)
True or False. A contract, whether verbal or written, is an agreement enforceable by law.
True
