Chapters 1-4 Flashcards
difference between a CULTIVAR and VARIETY
CULTIVAR are the plants that retain their distinguishing features when propagated.
VARIETY are plants that arise naturally in the plant kingdom.
what did Linnaeus do?
he gave plants a genus and species name and created the binomial system of nomenclature
why is it important to know common and scientific names of plants?
to evade confusion and communicate effectively with suppliers and consumers.
some origins of botanical names
countries of origin, names of plant explorers, and descriptive Latin terms
some typical groupings for plants when they are classified by growth characteristis
trees, shrubs, and vines
functions of a root system
absorption, conduction, anchorage, and storage
the two kinds of root systems
fibrous and taproot
functions of the stem of a plant
support, conduction, and storage
Define XYLEM and PHLOEM
XYLEM: inner tissues
PHLOEM: outer stem tissues
difference between MONOCOTS and DICOTS
MONOCOTS are plants with a single seed leaf.
DICOTS are plants with two seed leaves.
define nodes and internodes
NODES are the areas of stems where leaves emerge and INTERNODES are the spaces in between
types of specialized stems and roots commonly found in plants
bulbs corms rhizomes tubers tuberous roots
the two main functions of leaves
photosynthesis and transpiration
Define angiosperms and gymnosperms
ANGIOSPERMS are the plants that bloom and develop fruit which encloses the seed.
GYMNOSPERMS are the plants that have not true flowers or fruit but bear their seed.
parts of a complete flower
- stamen
- locule
- ovule
- placenta
- pistil
- petal
- sepal
- receptacle
- peduncle
priority in which plant parts receive food manufactured by the leaves
flowers seed leaves stems roots
3 primary ELEMENTS essential for plant growth
carbon
hydrogen
oxigen
3 MACRONUTRIENTS essential for plant growth
nitrogen (N)
phosphorus (P)
potassium (K)
7 micronutrients essential for plant growth
Boron (B) Chlorine (Cl) Copper (Cu) Iron (Fe) Manganese (Mn) Molybdenum (Mo) Zinc (Zn)
how is light intensity commonly measured
in footcandles
3 functions of water in a plant
it’s an ingredient in photosynthesis
a solvent for nutrients and other materials used or manufactured by the plant
cools the plant during transpiration
define permanent wilting point
when all the gravitational and available water are gone and only the unavailable water remains, the soil is at the PWP
microclimate
an area with certain consistent variation in light, temperature, and moisture in a garden
3 ways heat travels
radiation
convection
conduction
how is soil TEXTURE determined
by the relative proportion of its mineral particles
how is soil STRUCTURE determined
by the way particles of the soil are arranged
soils can be classified as ___________ or ___________
organic, mineral
___________ is commonly added to ACID soils to raise pH
lime
___________ is commonly added to ALKALINE soils to lower pH
sulfur
most ornamental plants prefer a soil pH of ___________
5.5 to 7.0
Acid-loving ornamental plants prefer a soil pH of ___________
5.0 to 5.5
Nutrient availability is regulated by ___________
soil
how is soil classified
sand, silt, and clay
