Chapters 1-9 Flashcards
Hospice
Providing care for people who are dying & their families.
Receive services when you have 3 to 6 months to live.
Holistic
Focus on taking care of the whole person, not just physically.
Long-term Facility
For people who are no longer able to care for themselves at home but do not need to be hospitalized.
-called residents
Assisted- Living Facility
For people who are almost independent but may need some limited help with medications, meals, and housekeeping.
OSHA
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
Gov’t agency responsible for protecting the health and safety of American workers by enforcing standards & providing education to improve conditions in the workplace.
OBRA
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
- improves the quality of life for people who live in long-term care by setting standards
- sets standards for the training of nursing assistants who work in long-term facilities
- min 75 hours of training & competency exam at the end of the course
What is on the registry for a CNA?
Full name (any maiden names) Last Known Home address Social Security # Date of Birth Date competency exam was passed Reported incidents of resident neglect/abuse
Reciprocity
Your certification will be valid in other states
Beneficence
Do good for those in your care by preventing harm & promoting health & welfare of the person above all else
What are signs of abuse?
Physical, neglect, psychological, sexual, financial, and elder.
what is abuse?
The repetitive and deliberate infliction of injury on another person.
Criminal Law
Concerned with the relationship of the individual and society as a whole. = Abuse
- People who violate it are usually sent to prison.
Civil Law
Concerned with the relationships between individuals.
Tort
wrong doing
Unintentional Tort
When someone causes harm without intending to.
Malpractice
Negligence committed by doctors, nurses, dentists, etc.
Intentional Tort
When someone means to do harm.
Defamation
Making untrue statements that hurt another person’s reputation.
Slander= oral Libel= written
Assault
Threatening or attempting to touch a person without his consent or causing fear to bodily harm.
Battery
Touching a person without his or her consent.
Fraud
Deception that could cause harm to another person.
Lying about holding a medical license.
Invasion of Privacy
Violating another person’s right to confidentiality.
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
- Regulates who has the right to view a person’s medical data
- Sets standards on how a person’s medical info is stored/transmitted
- Requires health care organizations set policies on how a patient has access to their medical records
Larceny
Stealing
Objective Data
Info you obtain directly through measurement or your five senses
- vital signs= temp, pulse, respiratory rate, & blood pressure.
- color of skin, feel skin, hear coughing, & see bruises.
Subjective Data
Info that cannot be measured or assessed.
- A person’s complaint of symptoms
- headache, stomachache
What creates effective communication?
Being a good listener, make a clear message when you are the sender, be mindful of your tone and body language.
Open ended question
Not a yes or no question, one that can be answered with more than one word.
Closed ended questions
a yes or no question with not much room to elaborate
medical record (chart)
legal document where information about the patient’s current condition and measures taken against it are located.
Admission sheet
Standard info about person: name, address, social #, gender, insurance, etc.
Medical History
Info about patient’s past medical and surgical conditions.
Nursing History
completed by nurse, info about physical disabilities & bowel and bladder habits.
Physicians Order Sheet
Used by doctor to communicate to other health care members what should be done for the patient/ resident
Medication administration record (MAR)
Medications ordered for patient are listed with dosage and time at which they are administered
Narrative nurses’s notes
nurses uses this to document a person’s complaints and the action taken by the nursing staff.
Graphic Sheet
Info that is gathered routinely– vital signs, frequency of urination, and food/fluid intake
Acute illness
condition characterized by rapid onset and short recovery time
- appendicitis, broken bone, labor & delivery
Chronic Illness
Condition that is ongoing.
–needs constant care, diabetes, asthma, high blood pressure
Maslow’s Hierarchy
Bottom to top:
- Physiologic needs- food, water, oxygen, sleep
- Safety & Security- feeling of being safe
- Love & Belonging needs- love, acceptance, smile, kind words
- Self-esteem needs- how a person perceives them-self
- Self- Actualization needs- feel at peace and has completed all goals the person had
What is a microbe?
living thing that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
- found in air, soil, water, and food
Normal (resident) flora
harmless microbes that help the human body
Pathogens
microbes that cause illness
opportunistic microbes
microbes that live in the body that are usually good but then change to pathogenic
aerobic
bacteria that need oxygen
anaerobic
bacteria that die if oxygen is present
signs of infection
hot, red, swollen, and painful skin
Chain of infection
pathogen must be present, reservoir must be present (place for it to be stored), portal of exit, method of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
standard precautions
gloves, waterproof gown, mask, eye goggles, sharps go in sharps container, spills of body fluids must be cleaned up asap, and handwashing.
Order in which you take off gloves, gown, and mask
Remove gloves, eyewear, gown, mask, then wash hands
how is a bloodborne pathogen transmitted
needles, cuts from contaminated glass, direct contact with blood or broken skin, sex, or blood transfusions.
which strands of hepatitis are bloodborne?
B, C, D
ergonomics
making the workplace to fit the needs of the worker
how does a CNA manage good support when lifting?
ABC
A= Alignment
B= Balance
C= Coordinated movements
bend at the knees, squat low to the ground, use leg and hip muscles to lift, and put one foot in front of the other
what should you do when a patient is falling?
- try to get to the person to a chair if possible
- place your body behind theirs and arms around their torso, pull close to your body
- widen your base of support and allow person to slide down you to the floor
- squat as the person slides down to gently lower them to the floor
- call for assistance
Fire RACE
Remove any patient in immediate danger Activate the alarm Contain the fire by closing doors and windows Extinguish the fire Evacuate the building
Fire PASS
Pull the pin
Aim
Squeeze the handle
Spray contents in sweeping motion
ABC Fires
A paper, cloth, grass fire can use water
B fuel, oil, or grease need fire extinguisher
C electrical fire need fire extinguisher
