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Speech Communications > Chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

The exchange of information, ideas, feelings, and experiences using a common code understood by those involved

A

Communication

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2
Q

Facial expressions, posture, and movement

A

Gestural communication/Nonverbal communication

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3
Q

Spoken language

A

Oral communication

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4
Q

Writing

A

Written communication

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5
Q

Symbol system based on numbers, letters, symbols, icons, pictures, math formulas, sound
Eg: alphabet

A

Codes

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6
Q

Articulation, fluency, nasal resonance, voice

A

Speech

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7
Q

Produced sound

A

Phoneme

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8
Q

Configuration of our nose, throat, and mouth muscles

A

The sound we produce

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9
Q

The perception of sound

A

Hearing

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10
Q

Communication Disorder Definition

A
  • impairment to receive, process/comprehend, and send concepts, nonverbal language, and code systems
  • hearing, language, or speech
  • mild to profound
  • developmental or acquired
  • more than one, or just one disorder
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11
Q

How does one determine what is abnormal?

A
  • determine the normal

- bell curve

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12
Q

Edeology

A
  • cause of a disorder

- environmental, developmental

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13
Q

Onset

A
  • when the disorder appeared

- congenital (from birth/genetic) or acquired (brain injury)

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14
Q

Manifestation

A
  • how the disorder shows up

- receptive, expressive, or both

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15
Q

Disorder interferes with ability to receive a message

- listening and reading

A

Receptive

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16
Q

Disorder interferes with ability to speak, comprehend

- speaking and writing

A

Expressive

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17
Q

Impaired comprehension of spoken or written language

A

Language disorder

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18
Q

Impaired speaking, sound production

A

Speech disorder

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19
Q

Impaired detecting, recognizing, processing auditory information

A

Hearing disorder

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20
Q

Assessment and Intervention

A

Evaluation and Treatment
Medical approach vs Developmental approach
Treating vs Helping

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21
Q

Rule system of how to build words, phrases, and sentences

A

Language form

22
Q

Rule system governing how sounds are produced and combined to form words

23
Q

Rule system governing the smallest unit of meaning

A

Morphology

24
Q

Smallest grammatical unit of meaning

25
Smallest unit that can stand on its own | - cat, happy, tree
Free morpheme
26
Smallest unit that cannot stand on its own | - ing, s
Bound morpheme
27
Rule system governing how words, phrases, and sentences are combined; word order
Syntax
28
Rule system governing the meanings of words, vocab, and word relationships
Semantics
29
Abstract language | Says one thing, means another
Figurative language
30
Rule system governing how language is used | Language in social situations
Pragmatics
31
Changing language based upon age, gender, relationship, familiarity with the conversational partner
Code switching
32
Rule system governing how sentences are combined into longer units of meaning (stories)
Discourse
33
Type of discourse | Telling and understanding elements within a story
Narrative discourse
34
Type of discourse | Non-narrative (newspapers, magazines, research papers)
Expository discourse
35
Type of discourse | Found in classrooms (teacher talking, making the calls)
Classroom discourse
36
Hesitations, rate of speech, intonations, stress
Paralinguistic signals
37
Factors to language development in children
- Time + exposure (child has to be around language) | - Exposed to language before critical period (puberty)
38
- Birth - 1 year - Communication depends on adults - Parentese - Joint attention - Joint referencing - Babbling
Prelinguistic Language Development
39
Language/ communication style parents use with babies
Parentese
40
Parent and baby looking at the same thing at the same time
Joint attention
41
Parent and baby looking at the same thing while parent discusses it
Joint referencing
42
Babies playing with sounds
Babbling
43
- 12 months - 27 months - Making sounds (m, p, b, n, d, w, h) - Children simplify adult sounds (nicknames) - Syntax: 1-2 words - Semantics: rapid growth: 12 months = 20 words, 24 months = 200 words - Pragmatics: parents do most of the talking
Emerging Language Stage
44
- 27 months - 46 months - Children have acquired most basic language structures by age 4 - Phonology: most phonemes acquired by 5, can go to 8 - Morphology: begin to use s and ing - Syntax: phrases at 4-5 words - Semantics: 2 yrs = 200 words, 4 yrs = 1800 - 4000 - Pragmatics: better at conversations (interrupt less, polite) - Discourse: narrative
Developing Language Stage
45
- 4 yrs - 11 yrs - Using language for communicating to using language to learn - Phonology: phonemes are well established - Morpholgy: gerunds, adverbs, - Syntax: passive voice, conjunctions - Semantics: vocab growth depends on reading ability; figurative language - Pragmatics: code switching, better at conversations, discourse, meta skills - Writing: develops from oral language
Language of Learning Stage
46
Thinking/talking about language
Metalinguistic
47
Thinking/talking about thinking
Metacognitive
48
Thinking/talking about language use
Metapragmatic
49
- Early (10 - 13 yrs) - Middle (13 - 16 yrs) - Late (16 - 20 yrs) - Syntax: sentences are more complex, code switching - Semantics: reading = vocab growth, new school subjects = new vocab - Pragmatics: good conversational partners, meta skills develop - Discourse: adept at various forms - Figurative language: develop understanding, humor, slang
Adolescent Language Development
50
- 20+ yrs - Development occurs in all areas - Semantics: language associated with higher education, jobs - Pragmatics: how to interact with others
Young Adult Language Development
51
Factors affecting child's literacy level?
- Literacy of the family - Exposure to language - Language ability
52
Phonological awareness
Understanding the elements of words (letter-sound connection, syllables, rhyming) - Difficulties with phonological awareness lead to difficulty learning to read and write

Speech Communications (4 decks)

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