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CNSI > Chapters 1,3,&4 Vocab and Neural Development (CH2) > Flashcards

Chapters 1,3,&4 Vocab and Neural Development (CH2) Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Differential diagnosis
A

the process of differentiating between two or more conditions which share similar signs or symptoms

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2
Q
  1. Agraphia
A

inability to write letters, symbols, words, or sentences, resulting from damage to various parts of the brain

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3
Q
  1. Apraxia
A

inability to write letters, symbols, words, or sentences, resulting from damage to various parts of the brain

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4
Q
  1. Ataxia
A

the loss of full control of bodily movements

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5
Q
  1. Aphasia
A

loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage

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6
Q
  1. Dysarthria
A

difficult or unclear articulation of speech that is otherwise linguistically normal

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7
Q
  1. Nystagmus
A

rapid involuntary movements of the eyes

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8
Q
  1. Diplopia
A

double vision

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9
Q
  1. Digit span
A

repeating a string of integers forward and backward

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10
Q
  1. Recent memory
A

recalling information of three items or a brief story after a delay of 3 to 5 minutes

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11
Q
  1. Remote memory
A

remembering long term historical or verifiable personal events

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12
Q
  1. Anterograde amnesia
A

impaired memory of new facts and events occurring after lesion onset

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13
Q
  1. Retrograde amnesia
A

impaired memory of events for a period of time immediately before lesion onset, with relative sparing of earlier memories

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14
Q
  1. Hemineglect
A

abnormality in attention to one side of the world that is not due to a primary sensory or motor lesion

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15
Q
  1. Major depression
A

a mental condition characterized by a persistently depressed mood and long-term loss of pleasure or interest in life, often with other symptoms such as disturbed sleep, feelings of guilt or inadequacy, and suicidal thoughts

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16
Q
  1. Visual acuity
A

sharpness of vision, measured by the ability to discern letters or numbers at a given distance according to a fixed standard

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17
Q
  1. Dysdiadochokinesia
A

abnormal, alternating movements

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18
Q
  1. Conversion disorder
A

a disorder that emotional factors cause the patient to have sensory and motor deficits without corresponding focal lesion(s) in the nervous system

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19
Q
  1. Somatization disorder
A

a disorder when patients have multiple somatic complaints that change over time

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20
Q
  1. Malingering
A

exaggerate or feign illness in order to escape duty or work

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21
Q
  1. Functional MRI (fMRI)
A
  • a specific type of MRI that measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow. This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases
22
Q
  1. T-1 weighted image
A

a MRI with the appearance like that of an anatomical brain specimen i.e. gray matter is gray and white is white

23
Q
  1. T-2 weighted image
A

a MRI with the appearance like that of an anatomical brain specimen i.e. opposite a T-1 weighted image where gray matter is white and white matter is gray

24
Q
  1. Electroencephalogram
A

a test or record of brain activity produced by electroencephalography

25
Q
  1. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
A

high-contrast imaging of the nervous system with increased anatomical detail

26
Q
  1. Cerebral infarctions
A

lack of blood flow or vessel occlusion

27
Q
  1. Neoplasms
A

a new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body, especially as a characteristic of cancer

28
Q
  1. Hemorrhage
A

an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially when profuse

29
Q
  1. Computed tomography (CT)
A

a form of tomography in which a computer controls the motion of the X-ray source and detectors, processes the data, and produces the image

30
Q

What are the subdivisions of the Prosencephalon

A

Telencephalon and Diencephalon

31
Q

What are the derivates of the Telencephalon

A

Rhinoencephalon

32
Q

What are the cavities associated with the Telencephalon and Rhinoencephalon

A

Lateral Ventricles

33
Q

What are the derivates of the Diencephalon

A

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Optic Nerves, Neurohypophysis, and Pineal gland

34
Q

What are the cavities associated with the Diencephalon

A

Third Ventricle

35
Q

What are the divisions of Neurulation

A

Prosencephalon, Mesencephalon, Rhombencephalon, and the Primitive Neural tube

36
Q

What is the derivate of the Mesencephalon

A

Midbrain

37
Q

What is the cavity associated with the Mesencephalon and Midbrain

A

Cerebral Aqueduct

38
Q

What are the subdivisions of the Rhombencephalon

A

Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

39
Q

What are the derivates of the Metencephalon

A

Cerebellum and Pons

40
Q

What is the derivate of the Myelencephalon

A

Medulla

41
Q

What is the cavities associated with Rhombencephalon

A

Fourth Ventricle

42
Q

What are the subdivisions of the Primitive Neural Tube

A

Neural Tube and Neural Crest

43
Q

What is the Derivates of the neural tube

A

Spinal Cord

44
Q

What is the derivates of the neural crest

A

Peripheral nerve ganglia

45
Q

What is the cavity associated with the neural tube and neural crest

A

Central canal

46
Q

Cranial Nerves of Swallow and Gag (14 weeks)

A

CN V, VII, IX, X, XII

47
Q

Cranial Nerves of the Visual Motor System (25 weeks)

A

CN II, III, IV, VI

48
Q

Cranial Nerve of Hearing (28 weeks)

A

VIII

49
Q

Cranial Nerve of Olfaction (31-32 weeks)

A

CNI

50
Q

What are the 5 stages of Embryological development

A

Neurolation, Cell proliferation, migration and aggregation, formation of axonal and dendritic processes, synaptogenesis

51
Q
A

CNSI (5 decks)

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