Chapters 1&2 Flashcards
The English document that included the rights of no cruel punishment, no excessive bail or fines, right to bear arms, and right to petition was
English Bill of Rights
The English document that included the rights of trial by jury, due process, and private property was
Magna Carta
The diagram above shows a compromise that helped guarantee the ratification of the US Constitution. What is the name of this compromise?
The Connecticut Compromise
What is the definition of government?
The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies
Scholars who believe the state originated from one person or a small group claiming control over an area and making people in that area submit to their rule support the ________ theory.
Force
Because the US is a sovereign state, it
Can determine its own form of government
Which theory of the origin of the state most strongly influenced the formation of the government of the US?
Social Contract Theory
In a _________, there is an absolute ruler who is not held responsible to the will of the people.
Dictatorship
What are the four defining characteristics of a state?
Population, territory, sovereignty, and government
Who holds the supreme authority in a democracy?
the people
In a representative democracy, how are public officials held responsible to the will of the people?
Voters express their approval or disapproval of the official’s actions by casting ballots in elections
An oligarchy is
a Government in which a small elite holds the power to rule
What form of government does the US have?
Representative democracy
A government in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments is called a ________ government.
federal
In the free enterprise system, who decides what is to be produced and how much items will cost?
the market
Which of the following is NOT one of the four fundamental factors of the free enterprise system?
government ownership
What is the role of government in a mixed economy?
To regulate, promote, police, and serve the economy while still allowing as much free enterprise as possible
Why does the free enterprise economic system work well with a democratic political system?
Both are based on the idea of individual freedom and reinforce each other in practice
The main idea of limited government is that
Government is not all-powerful
The document that proclaimed that the American colonies were no longer of part of Great Britain was the
Declaration of Independence
Weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation caused the States to
bicker constantly among themselves
The Articles of Confederation did not give Congress the power to tax. What was the main result of this weakness?
Congress was not able to raise enough money for its tasks and went deeply into debt
For what is Daniel Shays best known?
Leading a rebellion to force Massachussetts to ease the burden of debtors
The purpose of the Articles of Confederation was to
Unite the former colonies in a “league of friendship”
_________ became known as the “Father of the Constitution” because he contributed more than anyone else
James Madison
Which state’s plan called for a two-house congress with representation in both houses based on population?
Virginia
How did the delegates to the constitutional convention settle the issue about slaves counting when determining a state’s population and it’s number of representatives and slaves should count when deciding a state’s shared federal taxes?
three-fifths compromise
Why did the southern states want slaves to be counted in their population?
counting slaves would give southern states more representation in congress
What was the main disagreement over which the Farmers had to compromise?
how the states would be represented in congress
What did the Connecticut Compromise accomplish?
It solved the dispute over representation in congress
The process by which the 13 states formally approved the constitution was called..
ratification
What was The Federalist?
a collection of essays supporting the constitution
How many states were required to ratify the constitution for it to take effect?
9
One of the Anti-federalists main objections to the constitution was lack of..
a bill of rights
Where was the temporary capitol of the new government?
New York
A plan that provides the rules for government is called a..
constitution
When the territory of both the nation and the state coincide, the country is a..
nation state
This study is concerned with a government’s power and the right of the citizens.
constitutional law
The magna carta was important because it..
established a limited government
America’s first formal constitution was the..
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Anti-federalists believed this was needed.
Bill of Rights
The economic system in which freedom of choice is emphasized is..
capitalism
This was an argument of the federalists
for a strong national government
To create the needed new government, the founders compromised on this issue.
slavery
The main idea of limited government is that..
government is not all powerful
What were some of the early attempts of self government in the English colonies prior to the american revolution?
Mayflower Compact, Great fundamentals, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
This document suggested the legislative branch have a house of representative and a senate.
the Connecticut Compromise
The Declaration of Independence founded government on principles of..
human liberty and consent of the governed
This term means a state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries.
sovereignty
This is NOT a theory of the origin of the state.
ruler’s right theory
