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Gov Exam > Chapters 1&2 > Flashcards

Chapters 1&2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The English document that included the rights of no cruel punishment, no excessive bail or fines, right to bear arms, and right to petition was

A

English Bill of Rights

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2
Q

The English document that included the rights of trial by jury, due process, and private property was

A

Magna Carta

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3
Q

The diagram above shows a compromise that helped guarantee the ratification of the US Constitution. What is the name of this compromise?

A

The Connecticut Compromise

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4
Q

What is the definition of government?

A

The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies

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5
Q

Scholars who believe the state originated from one person or a small group claiming control over an area and making people in that area submit to their rule support the ________ theory.

A

Force

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6
Q

Because the US is a sovereign state, it

A

Can determine its own form of government

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7
Q

Which theory of the origin of the state most strongly influenced the formation of the government of the US?

A

Social Contract Theory

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8
Q

In a _________, there is an absolute ruler who is not held responsible to the will of the people.

A

Dictatorship

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9
Q

What are the four defining characteristics of a state?

A

Population, territory, sovereignty, and government

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10
Q

Who holds the supreme authority in a democracy?

A

the people

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11
Q

In a representative democracy, how are public officials held responsible to the will of the people?

A

Voters express their approval or disapproval of the official’s actions by casting ballots in elections

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12
Q

An oligarchy is

A

a Government in which a small elite holds the power to rule

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13
Q

What form of government does the US have?

A

Representative democracy

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14
Q

A government in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments is called a ________ government.

A

federal

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15
Q

In the free enterprise system, who decides what is to be produced and how much items will cost?

A

the market

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16
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the four fundamental factors of the free enterprise system?

A

government ownership

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17
Q

What is the role of government in a mixed economy?

A

To regulate, promote, police, and serve the economy while still allowing as much free enterprise as possible

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18
Q

Why does the free enterprise economic system work well with a democratic political system?

A

Both are based on the idea of individual freedom and reinforce each other in practice

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19
Q

The main idea of limited government is that

A

Government is not all-powerful

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20
Q

The document that proclaimed that the American colonies were no longer of part of Great Britain was the

A

Declaration of Independence

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21
Q

Weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation caused the States to

A

bicker constantly among themselves

22
Q

The Articles of Confederation did not give Congress the power to tax. What was the main result of this weakness?

A

Congress was not able to raise enough money for its tasks and went deeply into debt

23
Q

For what is Daniel Shays best known?

A

Leading a rebellion to force Massachussetts to ease the burden of debtors

24
Q

The purpose of the Articles of Confederation was to

A

Unite the former colonies in a “league of friendship”

25
Q

_________ became known as the “Father of the Constitution” because he contributed more than anyone else

A

James Madison

26
Q

Which state’s plan called for a two-house congress with representation in both houses based on population?

A

Virginia

27
Q

How did the delegates to the constitutional convention settle the issue about slaves counting when determining a state’s population and it’s number of representatives and slaves should count when deciding a state’s shared federal taxes?

A

three-fifths compromise

28
Q

Why did the southern states want slaves to be counted in their population?

A

counting slaves would give southern states more representation in congress

29
Q

What was the main disagreement over which the Farmers had to compromise?

A

how the states would be represented in congress

30
Q

What did the Connecticut Compromise accomplish?

A

It solved the dispute over representation in congress

31
Q

The process by which the 13 states formally approved the constitution was called..

A

ratification

32
Q

What was The Federalist?

A

a collection of essays supporting the constitution

33
Q

How many states were required to ratify the constitution for it to take effect?

A

9

34
Q

One of the Anti-federalists main objections to the constitution was lack of..

A

a bill of rights

35
Q

Where was the temporary capitol of the new government?

A

New York

36
Q

A plan that provides the rules for government is called a..

A

constitution

37
Q

When the territory of both the nation and the state coincide, the country is a..

A

nation state

38
Q

This study is concerned with a government’s power and the right of the citizens.

A

constitutional law

39
Q

The magna carta was important because it..

A

established a limited government

40
Q

America’s first formal constitution was the..

A

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

41
Q

Anti-federalists believed this was needed.

A

Bill of Rights

42
Q

The economic system in which freedom of choice is emphasized is..

A

capitalism

43
Q

This was an argument of the federalists

A

for a strong national government

44
Q

To create the needed new government, the founders compromised on this issue.

A

slavery

45
Q

The main idea of limited government is that..

A

government is not all powerful

46
Q

What were some of the early attempts of self government in the English colonies prior to the american revolution?

A

Mayflower Compact, Great fundamentals, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

47
Q

This document suggested the legislative branch have a house of representative and a senate.

A

the Connecticut Compromise

48
Q

The Declaration of Independence founded government on principles of..

A

human liberty and consent of the governed

49
Q

This term means a state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries.

A

sovereignty

50
Q

This is NOT a theory of the origin of the state.

A

ruler’s right theory

Gov Exam (8 decks)

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