Chapter8.2 Flashcards
Chromatin
Long strands of DNA found in eukaryote cell nucleus
Chromosome
Cell structures that carry genetic material that is copied and passed from generation to generation
Cell cycle
Continuous cycle of growth and division in a cell
Interphase
Cell growth phase where a cell increases in size, carries metabolism, and duplicates chromosomes prior to division
Mitosis
Period of nuclear cell division in which two daughter cells are formed, each containing a complete set of chromosomes
Prophase
First and longest phase of mitosis where chromatin coils into visible chromosomes
Sister chromatid
Identical halves of a duplicated parent chromosome formed during the prophase stage of mitosis
Centromere
Cell structure that joins two sister chromatids of a chromosome
Centriole
In animal cells, a pair of small cylindrical structures composed of microtubules that duplicate during interphase and move to opposite ends of a cell during prophase
Spindle
Cell structures composed of microtubule fibers; forms between centrioles during prophase and shorten during anaphase, pulling apart sister chromatids
Metaphase
Short second phase of mitosis where doubled chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle and chromatids are attached to centromeres by a separate spindle fiber
Anaphase
Third phase of mitosis in which the centromeres split and the chromatid pairs of each chromosome are pulled apart by microtubules
Telophase
The final phase of mitosis during which new cells prepare for their own independent existence
Cytokinesis
Cell process following meiosis or mitosis in which the cells cytoplasm divides and separates into new cells
Tissue
Groups of cells that work together to preform a specific function
