chapter5

Question 1

iconic memory

Answer 1

is the visual sensory memory register which stores visual images after the extinction of a physical stimulus.
+even if the iconic memory has a huge capacity but it declines rapidly
+informations stored in the iconic memory stays only for seconds

Question 2

sperling’s Partial Report Technique

Answer 2

Ø Presented for 50 ms- very brief
Ø Whole report: Around 4 items were recalled per trial
ØPartial Report: Tone- High, Medium, Low
Ø Multiplied the number correct by 3.

Question 3

the modality effect

Answer 3

Advantage of auditory presentation over visual presentation, especially for the last few items.

Question 4

“The magical number seven, plus or minus two”
-miller-

Answer 4

Ø A limit on the capacity of the human information processing
Ø People can keep in mind 7 ± 2 items (1 6 7 9 3 2 4). A real
oversimplification!
Ø Chunking - Also 7 ± 2 chunks. (167 932 476 567 231 576 223)
Ø Span is around 16+ words when the words form meaningful sentences

Question 5

“the magical mystery four”
-crown-

Answer 5

Ø The capacity of working memory is 4 ± 1 items when there is no
strategy or chunking.

Question 6

primacy effect

Answer 6

items from the beginning of a list are remembered better, it happens due to a number of rehearsals of the first few items.
those items are transferred to the long-term memory+ the retrieval of those items are from the long-term memory

Question 7

recency effect

Answer 7

the items from the end of the list are remembered better than those in the first, this happens because they are still active in the working memory+ the retrieval of those items are from the short term memory