Chapter22

Question 1

Vestigial Traits

Answer 1

reduced or incomplete structure with no function
ex. human tail bone

Question 2

Homology

Answer 2

similarity in species due to common ancestory
developmental, structural or genetic

Question 3

Darwin’s four postulates

Answer 3

1. variation
2. traits are heritable
3. reproductive success highly variable
4. those that reproduce best is not random

Question 4

Modern idea of evolution

Answer 4

differential reproductive success

Question 5

Biologic fitness

Answer 5

Number of offspring

Question 6

Adaptation

Answer 6

change in genotype and phenotype, individuals do not adapt

Question 7

Aclimation

Answer 7

Organism adjust to environment

Question 8

Speciation

Answer 8

one population divides into different species
result of genetic isolation or divergence

Question 9

Sympatry

Answer 9

species similar enough to breed
- external sympatry(extrinsic) ex. mate preferences
- internal sympatry(intrinsic) ex. chromosomal mutation

Question 10

Disruptive selection

Answer 10

selective pressure on characteristics and tratis

Question 11

allopatric speciation

Answer 11

different homeland
either dispersal or physical barrier

Question 12

Reinforcement

Answer 12

traits prevent interbreeding after speciation

Question 13

Hybridization

Answer 13

to species cross, common in plants not animals

Question 14

Darwin’s evolution

Answer 14

Descent with modification