chapter2

Question 1

what is carbohydrate fermentation medium

Answer 1

contains sugars that can be fermented,
converted to acids, and a pH indicator

Question 2

Dark field

Answer 2

brightly illuminated
specimens surrounded by dark field

Question 3

wet mounts & hanging drop mounts

Answer 3

allow examination of characteristics of live
cells: motility, shape, & arrangement

Question 4

Fluorescence Microscope

Answer 4

Modified compound microscope with an
ultraviolet radiation source and a filter that
protects the viewer’s eye

Question 5

resolving power

Answer 5

ability to show detail

Question 6

Magnification of electron microscopy between _____ and ______

Answer 6

5,000X and 1,000,000X

Question 7

Electron waves are______ the
waves of visible light.

Answer 7

100,000X shorter than

Question 8

Phase-contrast are

Answer 8

transforms subtle changes
in light waves passing through the specimen
into differences in light intensity,

Question 9

nutrient agar

Answer 9

solid media containing beef extract,
peptone & agar

Question 10

consists of one species are called ___

Answer 10

Colony

Question 11

is a complex polysaccharide isolated from red algae

Answer 11

agar

Question 12

under conditions that allow growth

Answer 12

Incubation

Question 13

separating one species from another

Answer 13

isolation

Question 14

contains one or more
agents that inhibit growth of some microbes
and encourage growth of the desired
microbes

Answer 14

selective media

Question 15

allows growth of
several types of microbes and displays
visible differences among desired and
undesired microbes

Answer 15

differential media

Question 16

the types of differential media

Answer 16

Gram stain, acid-fast stain

Question 17

special stain

Answer 17

capsule and flagellar stains

Question 18

liquid medium containing beef extract
& peptone

Answer 18

nutrient broth

Question 19

– contains pure organic & inorganic
compounds in an exact chemical formula

Answer 19

synthetic

Question 20

contains at least one ingredient that is not chemically definable

Answer 20

nonsynthetic

Question 21

grows a broad range of microbes, usually nonsynthetic

Answer 21

general purpose media

Question 22

contains complex organic substances such as blood, serum, hemoglobin or
special growth factors required by fastidious microbes

Answer 22

enriched media

Question 23

reducing medium

Answer 23

contains a substance
that absorbs oxygen or slows penetration of
oxygen into medium; used for growing
anaerobic bacteria

Question 24

Scanning electron microscopes

Answer 24

provides detailed three-dimensional

Question 25

cationic dyes

Answer 25

basic, with positive charges on the chromophore

Question 26

anionic dyes

Answer 26

acidic, with negative charges on the chromophore

Question 27

Cells that retain a basic stain in the presence of
acid-alcohol are called ____

Answer 27

acid-fast.

Question 28

Non–acid-fast

Answer 28

cells lose the primary stain when
rinsed with acid-alcohol, and are counterstained
with a different color basic stain

Question 29

Heat is required to drive a stain into the endospore.

Answer 29

Endospore stain

Question 30

____ uses basic stain and negative stain

Answer 30

Capsule stain

Question 31

solid at room temp, liquefies at boiling ______

Answer 31

100oC

Question 32

does not resolidify until it cools to

Answer 32

42oC