Chapter16,17 Inheritence, Phenotype Determination Flashcards by Syd xxx | Brainscape

Q

P generation

A

True breeding parents

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Q

F1 generation

A

First generation offspring of a p cross

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Q

F2 generation

A

F1 mono hybrids self fertilize to produce the F2 generation

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Q

Mendel’s Data

A

No blending - either trait was present or absent
Traits were hidden in F1 generation but reappeared in F2 generation
3:1 ratio present:hidden

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Q

Dominant trait

A

Is seen in a true breeding parent and its F1 hybrid (heterozygote)

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Q

Recessive Trait

A

Trait seen in true breeding parent but is masked in the F1 hybrid

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Q

Genes

A

Genetic determinants of traits are unit factors that are passed intact from generation

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Q

Alleles

A

Every individual carries two versions of gene fir a trait, and the gene for each trait may have variant firms

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Q

Mendel’s law of segregation of alleles

A

Two copies of a gene segregate from each other during gamete formation and transmission from parent to offspring

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Q

Segregation

A

Alleles separate into different haploid cells that eventually give rise to gametes

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Q

Fertilization

A

During fertilization, male and female gametes randomly combine with each other

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Q

Genotypes

A

Genetic composition of individual

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Q

Homozygous

A

Individuals with two identical copies of a gene

TT OR tt

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Q

Heterozygous

A

Individuals with two different alleles of the same gene

Tt

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Q

Phenotype

A

Characteristics of an organisms that are a result of their genotype
Tall and dwarf

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Q

Mendel reasoned that somatic cells contain _______ factors for every trait

A

2

Q

Punnett Squares

A

A common way to predict the outcome of the simple genetic crosses

Q

Testcross

A

Used to distinguish between homozygous dominant and heterozygous Genotypes