Chapter12: Principles of Pharmacology

Question 1

The term “pharmacology” is MOST accurately defined as:

Answer 1

the study of drugs and their actions on the body

Question 2

A medication with antagonistic properties is one that:

Answer 2

blocks receptor sites and prevent other chemicals from attaching to them

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a generic of a drug

Answer 3

Aspirin

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct?

Answer 4

Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications

Question 5

Which of the following medication routes delivers a drug through the skin over an extended period of time, such at a nitroglycerin or fentanyl patch?

Answer 5

Transcutaneous

Question 6

The _____ of a medication usually dictates the route by which it will be administered

Answer 6

form

Question 7

To reverse the effects a narcotic overdoes you should administer:

Answer 7

Narcan

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding the metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is correct?

Answer 8

An MDI delivers the same amount of medication everytime it is used.

Question 9

What medication form does oral glucose come in?

Answer 9

Gel

Question 10

You’re treating a middle-aged man with chest discomfort. He has a history of three previous heart attacks and takes nitroglycerin as needed for chest pain. You have standing orders to administer aspirin to patients with suspected cardiac-related chest pain or discomfort. While your partner is preparing to give oxygen to the patient, you should:

Answer 10

confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given

Question 11

A 49-year-old male with an extensive cardia history present with 2 hours or crushing chest pain and shortness of breath. He is pale and diaphoretic and tells you that he feels like he is going to die. His medications include nitroglycerin, sildenafil (Viagra), and enalapril (Vasotec). His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to administering supplemental oxygen if needed, you should:

Answer 11

ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours

Question 12

The process by which medications travel through the body tissues until they reach the bloodstream is called:

Answer 12

absorption

Question 13

The medical term for a low blood glucose level is

Answer 13

hypoglycemia

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?

Answer 14

Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the cells

Question 15

Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it:

Answer 15

prevents the aggregation of platelets

Question 16

Nitroglycerin, when given to patients with cardiac-related chest pain:

Answer 16

relaxes the walls of the coronary arteries

Question 17

You are treating a 45-year-old woman who was stung by a hornet and has a rash. She tells you that she is allergic to hornets and has her own epinephrine auto-injector. She also tells you that she takes medication for hypertension. Her breath sounds do not reveal any wheezing, her breathing is unlabored, and her blood pressure is 154/94 mm Hg. What should you do if you are not able to make contact with medical control?

Answer 17

Begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding the epinephrine auto-injector is correct?

Answer 18

The epinephrine auto-injector delivers a preset amount of the drug.

Question 19

A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should:

Answer 19

reassess the patient and document her response to the medication.

Question 20

Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan) in a suspected narcotic overdoes?

Answer 20

Slow respirations