Chapter11: Airway Management

Question 1

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?

Answer 1

Bronchus

Question 2

The___cartilage is a firm ring that form the inferior part of the larynx.

Answer 2

cricoid

Question 3

The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the:

Answer 3

alveolar sacs

Question 4

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called

Answer 4

ventilation

Question 5

Inhalation occurs when the:

Answer 5

diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure.

Question 6

Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that

Answer 6

moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath

Question 7

Hypoxia is Most accurately defined as:

Answer 7

inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells

Question 8

Each cell of the body combines nutrients and oxygen and produces energy and waste products through a process called:

Answer 8

metabolism

Question 9

Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing they sense:

Answer 9

slight increase in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct?

Answer 10

Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate.

Question 11

Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia?

Answer 11

cyanosis

Question 12

The presence of elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood is called:

Answer 12

hypercardia

Question 13

Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called

Answer 13

Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

Question 14

What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?

Answer 14

the tongue

Question 15

Which of the following organs or tissues can survive the longest without oxygen?

Answer 15

muscle

Question 16

The pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen is approximately _______ pounds per square inch (psi).

Answer 16

2,000

Question 17

A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:

Answer 17

remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx

Question 18

To select the proper size oropharyngeal airway, you should measure from the

Answer 18

corner of the mouth to the earlobe.

Question 19

A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has agonal gasps, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway?

Answer 19

Alternate oropharyngeal suctioning and ventilation with a bag-mask device.

Question 20

How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems?

Answer 20

It forces the alveoli open and increases the concentration of oxygen in the alveoli.