Chapter11: Airway Management Flashcards
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?
Bronchus
The___cartilage is a firm ring that form the inferior part of the larynx.
cricoid
The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the:
alveolar sacs
The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called
ventilation
Inhalation occurs when the:
diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure.
Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that
moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath
Hypoxia is Most accurately defined as:
inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells
Each cell of the body combines nutrients and oxygen and produces energy and waste products through a process called:
metabolism
Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing they sense:
slight increase in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct?
Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate.
Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia?
cyanosis
The presence of elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood is called:
hypercardia
Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called
Cheyne-Stokes respirations.
What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient?
the tongue
Which of the following organs or tissues can survive the longest without oxygen?
muscle
The pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen is approximately _______ pounds per square inch (psi).
2,000
A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:
remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx
To select the proper size oropharyngeal airway, you should measure from the
corner of the mouth to the earlobe.
A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has agonal gasps, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway?
Alternate oropharyngeal suctioning and ventilation with a bag-mask device.
How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems?
It forces the alveoli open and increases the concentration of oxygen in the alveoli.
