Chapter1-intro Flashcards
Contraband
An object or material that is used illegallyto possess.
Evidence
Information that people base decisions on. In a legal sense, evidence is the information presented in court during a trial that enables the judge and jury to decide a particular case.
Evidence locker
A place, usually in a police station, where evidence gathered by law enforcement officers is deposited and kept safe from tampering pending its use in court.
Chain if custody
The maintenance if custody and control over an object to such a degree that the custodian can prove the object is in the same condition as it originally was when custody was obtained.
Federal rules of evidence(FRE)
The most common codification of evidence law-the rules that apply in all federal courts throughout the United States and in the 42 states that have relied upon them as a model in adopting their own evidence codes.
Discovery
The right afforded to the adversary in atrial to examine, inspect, and copy the evidence in the hands of the other side.
Jurisdiction
The power or authority of the court to act with respect to any case before it.
Venue
The neighborhood, place, or country in which an act is declared to have been done or, in fact, happened this defining the particular count or geographical county or geographical area in which a court with jurisdiction may hear and determine a case.
Habeas corpus
A form of legal action that seeks to free a prisoner from unlawful confinement.
Jails
The facilities used to maintain custody of persons arrested pending prosecution and to maintain custody o those sentenced to short periods of confinement, usual less than one year. Most jails are operated by cities, countries, or both.
Prisons
Penal institutions maintained butch state or federal government consisting of state penitentiaries, reformatories, and juvenile training facilities.
Probation department
An agency that investigates defendants prior to sentencing, provides a pre-sentence probation report to the court, and supervises persons placed on probation after conviction.
Booking
A formal processing of the arrested person by the police that involves recording the arrest, fingerprinting, photographing(mug shot), and inventorying all the personal items taken from the suspect.
