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ORLPTD1 > CHAPTER VIII – TERMINAL STAGES OF PULP INFLAMMATION > Flashcards

CHAPTER VIII – TERMINAL STAGES OF PULP INFLAMMATION Flashcards

1
Q

Death of the pulp without bacterial infection

A

NECROSIS

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2
Q

NECROSIS

CLINICAL FEATURES

A
  1. Tooth may appear discoloured
  2. Electric pulp test are negative
  3. Cold tests are negative
  4. X-ray reveals periapical change – thickened periodontal membrane
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3
Q

with abundance of serous
exudation

A

Moist gangrene

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4
Q

– due to insufficient blood supply
- Presence of ischemia

A

Dry gangrene

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5
Q

DISEASES OF THE PERIAPICAL TISSUES

A

A. ACUTE APICAL PERIODONTITIS
B. ACUTE PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
C. ACUTE DENTO-ALVEOLAR ABSCESS

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6
Q
  • Acute inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding apical region of tooth especially the periodontal membrane
  • Tissue injury and inflammation developed within the periodontal ligament
A

ACUTE APICAL PERIODONTITIS

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7
Q

ACUTE TRAUMATIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS

ETIOLOGY

A

Blow, kick or fall upon the face and teeth
Injuries during dental operation
Excessive occlusal stress

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8
Q

ACUTE CHEMICAL APICAL PERIODONTITIS

ETIOLOGY

A

Action of drugs introduced into pulp canal

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9
Q

Acute inflammation of periapical tissues due to pathogenic microorganisms that reached the apical foramen through the pulp canal and spreads into the periodontal tissues.

A

ACUTE INFECTIVE APICAL PERIODONTITIS

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10
Q
  • Infiltration of periapical soft tissues
  • With high virulence of bacteria, low resistance of tissue, lack of damage
  • Breakdown of inflamed tissue
  • Necrosis of tissue
  • Necrotic cells liquefied by enzymes released by dead/dying leukocytes
  • Pus accumulated around the root
  • Acute periapical abscess
A

ACUTE PERIAPICAL ABSCESS

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11
Q

ACUTE PERIAPICAL ABSCESS

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

A
  • Tooth is often very sore
  • Continuous pulsating pain
  • Lymph nodes may be swollen and tender
  • Drainage may be established by opening the tooth to relieve the pain
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12
Q
  • Very rare type of cellulitis
  • A serious type of cellulitis, bacterial infection that affects the mouth, the neck and the jaw, spreads rapidly to the infected area of the face underneath the tongue
A

LUDWIG’S ANGINA

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13
Q

“choke” Greek word

A

“angina”

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14
Q

means “strangle”

A

“ankhone”

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15
Q
  • Refers to the feeling of strangling and choking, secondary to obstruction of the airway – the patient can die
  • Most severe form of cellulitis
A

LUDWIG’S ANGINA

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16
Q

CHRONIC PERIAPICAL INFLAMMATION

FACTORS

A
  1. Low virulence of bacteria
  2. High body resistance
  3. Presence of drainage
17
Q

TYPES OF CHRONIC PERIAPICAL INFLAMMATION

A

DENTAL GRANULOMA

18
Q
  • Mass of granulation tissue at periapical area as response to mild irritation
  • Usually granulation tissue is a sign of healing but in the periapical area, it is a reaction to tissue injury or mild irritation
  • Simplest form of chronic periapical
  • inflammation.
A

DENTAL GRANULOMA

19
Q

Inflammatory exudates near the apical foramen is confined at the center or within the fibrous wall of the granuloma

A

CLOSED GRANULOMA

20
Q

Pus develops at the center of granuloma and succeeds in perforating through bone into the oral cavity forming a sinus where discharge exudate passes

A

DISCHARGING GRANULOMA

21
Q
  • Epithelium encloses the areas of necrotic granulation tissue or lining the inner surface of the abscess sac after the center has broken down.
  • Epithelial cells derived from the epithelial rest of Malassez found in the periodontal ligament.
A

EPITHELIATED GRANULOMA

22
Q

remnants of HERS (Hertwig’s Epithelial root Sheath has something to do with the root formation) involved in root formation that remains in the periodontal tissue

A

EPITHELIAL REST OF MALASSEZ

23
Q
  • Represents a healed abscess after infection has subdued
  • Granulation tissue is replace by collagen fiber bundles
  • Inflammatory cells disappear
A

SCLEROSED GRANULOMA

24
Q
  • Also known as root-end cyst, periapical cyst, or apical periodontal cyst
  • Results from bacterial infection and necrosis of dental pulp
  • Develop from epitheliated granuloma
A

RADICULAR CYST

25
Q
  • Originates from acute periapical abscess or granuloma
  • Complaints of transient uneasiness
  • May have slight nodule on gingiva
  • Radioluscency in apical region
A

CHRONIC PERIAPICAL ABSCESS

ORLPTD1 (7 decks)

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