Chapter VII. WOOD FUEL AND BIOMASS ENERGY Flashcards
1
Q
- the energy generated from wood or wood-derived products – usually through combustion processes – and used for cooking, heating or electricity generation
- used to refer to wood and wood-derived materials used for energy purposes (wood fuel), which may be in solid, liquid or gaseous form
A
WOOD ENERGY
2
Q
- is wood that is burned for energy
A
WOOD FUEL
3
Q
- through photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight energy into chemical energy
A
Biomass
4
Q
biomass is stored sunlight energy that can be converted to:
A
i. Electricity
ii. Fuel
iii. Heat
iv. Fertilizer
5
Q
- biomass derived from trees
- it can be classified into construction scrap, sawmill residues and forest residues
A
WOODY BIOMASS
6
Q
POTENTIAL SOURCES OF WOODY BIOMASS:
A
a. Urban and municipal waste wood
b. Land-clearing debris
c. Forestry residues
d. Agricultural residues
7
Q
Urban and municipal waste wood
A
- yard trimmings
- storm damage
- construction and demolition waste
8
Q
Forestry residues
A
- thinning for forest health, wildfire risk reduction
- branches from harvesting
- processing residue
9
Q
Agricultural residues
A
- food-based
- non food-based
- perennial grasses
- animal waste
10
Q
- thermochemical process in which biomass at high rate is turned directly from a solid into a gaseous fuel called syngas
A
GASIFICATION
11
Q
- a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and some methane
A
Syngas
12
Q
- thermal degradation of organic components in biomass in the absence of oxygen
- major products are oil, gas and char
A
PYROLYSIS
13
Q
- a process in which bacteria use oxygen to convert organic material into carbon dioxide
- products include nutrient-rich fertilizers and composts
A
AEROBIC DIGESTION
14
Q
- decomposition of biomass by bacteria in the absence of oxygen
- biogas or methane is the primary product produced
A
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
15
Q
- A biological process in which enzymes produced by microorganisms cause chemical reactions to occur
- products include ethanol, commercial levels of therapeutic and research enzymes, antibiotics and specialty chemical
A
FERMENTATION
