Chapter Two Health Flashcards
Stressor
Any physical or psychological event or condition that produces physical and psychological reactions.
Stress Response
The physical and emotional reactions to a stressor
Stress
The general physical and emotional state that the stressor produces
Nervous system
The brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Autonomic nervous system
The part of the nervous system that controls certain basic body processes; consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
Parasympathetic Division
The part of the autonomic nervous system that moderates the excitatory effect of the sympathetic division, slowing metabolism and restoring energy supplies.
Endocrine system
The system of glands, tissues, and cells that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to influence metabolism and other body processes
Hormone
A chemical messenger produced in the body and transported in the bloodstream to target cells or organs for specific regulation of their activities.
Cortisol
A steroid hormone secreted by the cortex (outer layer) of the adrenal gland; also called hydrocortisone.
Epinephrine
A hormone secreted by the medulla (inner core) of the adrenal gland that affects the functioning of organs involved in responding to a stressor; also called adrenaline.
Endorphins
Brain secretions that have pain-inhibiting effects
Fight or Flight reaction
A defense reaction that prepares a person for conflict or escape by triggering hormonal, cardiovascular, metabolic, and other changes.
Homeostasis
A state of stability and consistency in an individual’s physiological functioning.
Personality
The sum of behavioral, cognitive, and emotional tendencies
Resilience
A personality trait associated with the ability to face adversity and recover quickly from
difficulties
