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Chem 130 > Chapter Two Flash Cards > Flashcards

Chapter Two Flash Cards

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1
Q

Most of the mass of an atom is in the

A

Nucleus

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2
Q

Most of the volume of an atom is

A

empty space

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3
Q

Nucleus is surrounded by

A

Electrons

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4
Q

Neutral atoms have equal numbers of

A

protons and electrons

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5
Q

Isotope

A

Type of atom with different masses but chemically indistinguishable to a known element

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6
Q

AMU

A

atomic mass unit

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7
Q

Mass number is equal to

A

protons + electrons

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8
Q

For ions, the number of electrons does not equal the number of

A

protons

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9
Q

law of conservation of matter

A

atoms are not created or destroyed during a chemical process

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10
Q

Law of definite proportions

A

All samples of a pure compound contain the same elements in the same proportion by mass

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11
Q

neutrons

A

uncharged, subatomic particles with a mass approximately the same as that of protons and found in nucleus

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12
Q

Mass number =

A

Atomic Number + neutrons
Protons + neutrons

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13
Q

Ion Charge

A

Protons = Electrons

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14
Q

Molecular Formula

A

indicates the type and number of atoms in a compound

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15
Q

Empirical Formula

A

Indicates the lowest whole number ration of atoms in a compound

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16
Q

Metals

A

Shiny, malleable, conduct heat + electricity

17
Q

Nonmetals

A

dull, insulate heat + electricity

18
Q

Metalloids

A

can have properties of metals and/or nonmetals

19
Q

Alkali Metals

A

Group 1 (except hydrogen)

20
Q

Alkaline Metals

A

Group 2

21
Q

Pnictogens

A

Group 15

22
Q

Chalcogens

A

Group 16

23
Q

Halogens

A

Group 17

24
Q

Noble Gases

A

Group 18

25
Q

Group 1 during chemical reactions

A

lose one electron
1+ charge cation

26
Q

Group 2 during chemical reactions

A

lose 2 electrons
2+ charge cations

27
Q

Non-Metals Group 17 During Chemical Change

A

gain one electron
1- charge anion

28
Q

Non-Metals Group 16 During Chemical Change

A

gain two electrons
2- charge anions

29
Q

Ionic Compound

A

forms when electrons are transferred through electrostatic attraction

30
Q

Molecular Compound

A

Forms when electrons are shared

Chem 130 (6 decks)

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