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Chem 130 > Chapter One Flash Cards > Flashcards

Chapter One Flash Cards

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1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

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2
Q

Three States of Matter

A

Solid, liquid, gas

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3
Q

A solid has a ___ volume and ____ shape

A

definite volume and shape

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4
Q

A liquid has a ____ volume and a(n) ____ shape

A

definite volume, indefinite shape

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5
Q

A gas assume the ____ and _____ of their containers

A

shape and volume

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6
Q

Liquids assume the shape of their ____

A

container

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7
Q

Pure Substance

A

Constant composition (ie copper and nitrogen gas)

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8
Q

Mixture

A

Have 2+ types of matter that can be separated (ie sea water + air)

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9
Q

Element

A

Pure substance that cannot be broken down any further by chemical changes

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10
Q

Compound

A

Pure substance that can be broken down by further chemical changes

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11
Q

Homogenous Mixture

A

A mixture with uniform composition (ie air, gatorade)

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12
Q

Heterogenous Mixture

A

A mixture without uniform composition (ie trail mix, pasta in boiling water)

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13
Q

Physical Property

A

Characteristic of matter not associated with changes in chemical composition (ie. conductivity, boiling point)

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14
Q

Chemical Property

A

When matter can change from one form to another (ie. flammability, reactivity)

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15
Q

Physical Change

A

Change in the state of the properties of matter (boiling water, salt dissolving, cutting paper)

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16
Q

Chemical Change

A

Change that makes a new kind of matter (ie iron rusting, fruit molding)

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17
Q

Unit

A

Standard for comparison

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18
Q

The two most common unit systems are

A

Imperial and metric systems

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19
Q

The unit system used by scientists that’s based on the metric system

A

International system of units

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20
Q

SI base units

A
  • Length
  • Mass
  • Time
  • Temperature
  • Amount of substance
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21
Q

Length

A

Meter (M)

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22
Q

Mass

A

kilogram (kg)

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23
Q

Time

A

Second (s)

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24
Q

Temperature

A

Kelvin (K)

25
Q

Amount of substance

A

mole (mol)

26
Q

giga (G)

A

10x10ˆ9

27
Q

mega (M)

A

10x10ˆ6

28
Q

Kilo (k)

A

1x10ˆ3

29
Q

Deci (d)

A

1x10ˆ-1

30
Q

centi (c)

A

1x10ˆ-2

31
Q

milli (m)

A

1x10ˆ-3

32
Q

micro (μ)

A

1x10ˆ-6

33
Q

nano (n)

A

1x10ˆ-9

34
Q

Volume

A

A measure of space occupied by something

35
Q

Volume of a cylinder

A

πrˆ2h

36
Q

Volume of a cylinder

A

lˆ3

37
Q

Volume of a sphere

A

4/3πrˆ3

38
Q

Volume of a rectangular prism

A

lwh

39
Q

Density

A

The ratio of mass to volume

40
Q

Common units of density

A

g/cmˆ3 , g/L , g/mˆ3

41
Q

Exact number

A

A result of counting (ie 4 potatoes)

42
Q

Accuracy

A

How close a number is to the true measurement

43
Q

Precision

A

How close together your repeated measurements are

44
Q

Mass

A

measure of the amount of matter in an object

45
Q

Weight

A

The force of gravity exerted on an object

46
Q

Atom

A

The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element

47
Q

Molecule

A

2 or more atoms connected by a chemical bond

48
Q

Diatonic Elements

A

H2, O2, N2, Cl2, Br2, I2, F2

49
Q

Extensive Property

A

Depends on amount of material

50
Q

Examples of extensive properties

A

Mass, Volume, Heat

51
Q

Intensive Properties

A

Depends on the type of material

52
Q

Examples of intensive properties

A

density, temperature, color, humidity

53
Q

Three parts of a measurement

A

Number, Unit, Uncertainty

54
Q

Number

A

Size or magnitude of a measurement

55
Q

Unit

A

A standard of comparison for the measurement

56
Q

Uncertainty

A

An indication of the uncertainty of the measurement

57
Q

Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

TF= 9/5Tc + 32

58
Q

Kelvin to Celsius

A

Tk = Tc +273.15

Chem 130 (6 decks)

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