Chapter Two, Crime in Canada

Question 1

White collar offenders

Answer 1

White Collar Offenders: individuals who are self-employed or work for governments/corporations and engage in financially motivated crimes

Question 2

Crimes Against Person; types of homicide, types of murder

Answer 2

Violent crimes
Contribute to fear and reduce our quality of life
INCLUDES HOMICIDE, SEX ASSAULT, ROBBERY, ASSAULT
Culpable Homicide: murder, manslaughter, infanticide
Non-Culpable Homicide: medically assisted suicide
First Degree Murder: planned and deliberate act
Second Degree Murder: deliberate act that was unplanned
Manslaughter: unlawful act NOT intended to cause death
Criminal Negligence: an act that shows disregard for the lives or safety of other persons

Question 3

Most commonly reported violent crime

Answer 3

assault

Question 3

Sex assault levels

Answer 3

Sexual Assault Level 1: minor physical injuries/no injuries
Level 2 Sexual Assault: includes sexual assault with a weapon, threats, or causing bodily harm
Aggravated Sexual Assault Level 3: wounding, maiming disfiguring or endangering the life of the victim

Question 4

Price Fixing in Corporate crimes:

Answer 4

engaged in conspiracies to avoid competition,

Question 5

Critical criminologists and conflict perspective

Answer 5

Critical criminologists: argue that crimes are defined by the rich and powerful and that the police are used to control the poor and middle class in order to protect the interests of the upper class

Question 6

Organized crime

Answer 6

Over one third of of first degree murders and over half od drug related violations are related to organized crime

Question 7

Three types of antisocial behavior

Answer 7

Personal: relates to a specific individuals or group behavior including rowdy and vulgar actions (prostitution, drunk and disorderly)
Nuisance neighbors: those who are noisy, intimidating, harassing
Environmental: graffiti, illegal dumping, arson

Question 8

3 methods of measuring crime

Answer 8

Uniform Crime Reporting Survey: Problem with the uniform crime rate is that murder and basic robbery might be lumped together as a composite variable, NOT VERY REPRESENTATIVE
Crime Severity Index: measures the volume of crime reported to the police (the more severe he average sentence, the higher weight assigned to the offense)
Use the rates of reported crime per 100,000 residents, Crime Severity Index, and survey data

Question 9

Dark Figure of Crime:

Answer 9

difference between the amount of unreported and reported offenses

Question 10

Benefits and limitations of self reported victimization data

Answer 10

Greater percentage of victims of violent offense reported that fear of revenge prevented them from reporting a crime
STRENGTHS OF THE DATA: wide sample size
LIMITATIONS: only individuals age 15 or older can complete the survey