Chapter Two

Question 1

Genotpye/Phenotype

Answer 1

Phenotype- observable characteristics
Genotype- the complex blend of genetic information that determines our species and influences all our unique characteristics

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

substance of which genes and chromosomes are made

Question 3

Chromosomes

Answer 3

store and transmit genetic information

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

segments of DNA located along the chromosome

Question 5

Gametes

Answer 5

sex cells- the sperm and ovum

Question 6

autsomes

Answer 6

22 matching chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes

1 is the longest and 22 is the shortest

Question 7

Chromosomal Abnormalities

Answer 7

when a harmful allele is carried on the X chromosome

Question 8

Twins

Answer 8

Fraternal- two zygotes, or fertilized ova

Identical- one zygote that divides into two indivduals

Question 9

Cultural Influences

Answer 9

• Culture shapes every aspect of daily life
• Different cultures have different values: North American values the independence, self-reliances, and privacy of the family
• Subcultures
• Extended-family households

Question 10

African American extended family

Answer 10

More black than white adults have relatives other than their own children living in the same household
Extended family system provides emotional support and the sharing of resources, and helps reduce the stress of poverty.

Question 11

Individualist and Collectivist Societies

Answer 11

Individualist- people think of themselves as separate from others. concerned with personal goals
Collectivist: people define themselves as part of a group
concerned with group goals over individual goals

Question 12

niche-picking

Answer 12

tendency to activity choose environments that complement our heredity

Question 13

epigenesist

Answer 13

development resulting from ongoing, bidirectional exchanges between heredity and all levels of the environment