Chapter Three: Biochemical Processes Flashcards
What does exergonic and endergonic mean?
Exer- energy releasing
Ender- energy requiring
What does oxidisation and reduction mean?
Oxidisation- exergonic. Involve the addition of oxygen (or the removal of electrons from) a substance.
Reduction- endergonic. Involve the removal of oxygen (or the addition of electrons from)
What does anabolic and catabolic mean?
Anabolic- reactions that require energy. Building-up/making
Catabolic- reactions that release energy. Breaking-down
What are enzymes and what do the do?
- Involved in cellular respiration
- Made of proteins
- Highly specific in their action
- Speed up rate of reactions (catalase)
- Found in living things
- Works on a particular substrate (specific shape-active site)
- Reduce amount of energy required
- …ase=enzyme e.g lactase
What is the balanced equation of photosynthesis?
6CO2+12H2O—–>C6H12O6+6H2O+6O2
Sunlight
(——————–>)
Chlorophyll
Where does photosynthesis occur?
- Mostly in leaves
- Anything above ground that’s green
- Some plankton (phytoplankton)
- Some bacteria
- In chloroplast
What are the 2 stages of photosynthesis?
STAGE ONE-light dependent
STAGE TWO-light independent
What is cellular respiration?
Series of energy releasing reactions that break down the organic molecules in food, releasing chemical energy and transferring it to ATP (molecule that holds energy)
What is the balanced equation of aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6+6O2—>6CO2+H2O+ATP
What are the 3 stages of aerobic respiration and where do they occur?
STAGE ONE- glycolysis (in cytosol)
STAGE TWO- Krebs cycle (in matrix)
STAGE THREE- election transport (in Cristae)
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
C6H12O6—>2 pyruvate(GLYCOLYSIS)
What does heterotrophic and autotrophic mean?
Hetero- ‘other feeding’. Ingest/absorb organic matter from other organisms or their products.
Auto- ‘self feeding’. Build organic compounds from simple inorganic compounds.
