Chapter Six (Sections 1-3) Flashcards
Cell
In biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membraen and have DNA and cytoplasm.
Cell Membrane
A phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s enviroment
Organelle
One of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function.
Nucleus
In a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Prokaryote
An organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus
Eukaryote
An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaebacteria or bacteria.
Cell Wall
A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell.
Ribosome
Cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
Endoplasmic reticulum
A system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
Mitochondrion
In eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration.
Golgi complex
Cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
Vesicle
A small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
Lysosome
A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
Tissue
A group of similar cells that perform a common function
Organ
A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
