Chapter Six

Question 1

hygiene

Answer 1

practices to keep bodies clean and healthy.

Question 2

grooming

Answer 2

practices to care for oneself, such as caring for fingernails and hair.

Question 3

pressure points

Answer 3

areas of the body that bear much of the body weight.

Question 4

bony prominences

Answer 4

areas of the body where the bone lies close to the skin.

Question 5

pressure injuries

Answer 5

a serious wound resulting from skin deterioration and shearing; also called pressure ulcers, pressure sores, bed sores, or decubitus ulcers.

Question 6

shearing

Answer 6

rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it remaining fixed or moving in the opposite direction.

Question 7

draw sheet

Answer 7

an extra sheet placed on top of the bottom sheet; used for moving residents in bed.

Question 8

foot drop

Answer 8

a weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles that causes problems with the ability to flex the ankles and walk normally.

Question 9

orthotic device

Answer 9

a device that helps support and align a limb and improve its functioning; also called orthosis.

Question 10

partial bath

Answer 10

a bath given on days when a complete bath or shower is not done; includes washing the face, hands, underarms, and perineum.

Question 11

perineum

Answer 11

the genital and anal area.

Question 12

pediculosis

Answer 12

an infestation of lice.

Question 13

safety razor

Answer 13

a type of razor that has a sharp blade with a special safety casing to help prevent cuts; requires the use of shaving cream or soap.

Question 14

disposable razor

Answer 14

type of razor that is discarded after one use; requires the use of shaving cream or soap.

Question 15

electric razor

Answer 15

type of razor that runs on electricity; does not require the use of soap or shaving cream.

Question 16

affected side

Answer 16

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or involved side.

Question 17

involved side

Answer 17

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or affected side.

Question 18

intravenous (IV) therapy

Answer 18

the delivery of medication, nutrition, or fluids through a person’s vein.

Question 19

embolism

Answer 19

an obstruction of a blood vessel, usually by a blood clot.

Question 20

oral care

Answer 20

care of the mouth, teeth, and gums.

Question 21

aspiration

Answer 21

the inhalation of food, fluid or foreign material into the lungs.

Question 22

dentures

Answer 22

artificial teeth

Question 23

fracture pan

Answer 23

a bedpan that is flatter than a regular bedpan.

Question 24

portable commode

Answer 24

a chair with a toilet seat and a removable container underneath that is used for elimination; also called bedside commode.

Question 25

positioning

Answer 25

the act of helping people into positions that promote comfort and health.

Question 26

supine

Answer 26

a body position in which a person lies flat on his back

Question 27

lateral

Answer 27

body position in which a person is lying on either side.

Question 28

prone

Answer 28

body position in which a person is lying on his stomach, or front side of the body.

Question 29

Fowler’s

Answer 29

a semisitting body position in which a person’s head and shoulders are elevated 45 to 60 degrees.

Question 30

Sims

Answer 30

body position in which a person is lying on his left side with the upper knee flexed and raised toward the chest.

Question 31

logrolling

Answer 31

moving a person as a unit, without disturbing the alignment of the body.

Question 32

dangle

Answer 32

to sit up with the legs hanging over the side of the bed in order to regain balance and stabilize blood pressure.

Question 33

ergonomics

Answer 33

the science of designing equipment, areas, and work tasks to make them safer and to suit the worker’s abilities.

Question 34

transfer belt

Answer 34

a belt made of canvas or other heavy material that is used to help people who are weak, unsteady, or uncoordinated to transfer.