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oralpathology > chapter six > Flashcards

chapter six Flashcards

1
Q

genetics

A

the inheritance and expression of inherited traits

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2
Q

syndrome

A

a distinctive association of signs and symptoms occurring together

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3
Q

phenotype

A

the physical, biochemical, and physiologic traits of an individual

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4
Q

genes

A

the hereditary units transmitted from one generation to another

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5
Q

genome

A

collection of all genes

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6
Q

what does a genome consists of

A

dna, nucleotide, genetic code, dna coiling

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7
Q

what is a nucleotide formed by

A

nitrogen-containing base, five carbon sugar and phosphate

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8
Q

chromosomes

A

small bodies in the nucleus of a cell that carry the chemical instructions for the reproduction of a cell

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9
Q

four bases in dna

A

adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine

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10
Q

four types of rna

A

messenger rna, transfer rna, ribosomal rna, heterogenous nuclear rna

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11
Q

messenger rna

A

blueprint for coding of proteins

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12
Q

transfer rna

A

transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the mrna

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13
Q

ribosomal rna

A

combines iwth several polypeptides to form ribosomes

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14
Q

herterogenous nuclear rna

A

precursor to mrna

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15
Q

what causes trisomy 21

A

extra copy of chromosome 21

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16
Q

what causes turner syndrome

A

one x chromosome only

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17
Q

what causes klinefelter syndrome

A

xxy chromosome

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18
Q

what causes cri du chat and wolf hirschhorn

A

deletion, cri du chat = 5 wolf hirschhorn = 4

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19
Q

cyclic neutropenia

A

decrease in the number of neutrophils and occurs in cycles every 21 - 27 days lasting 2 - 3 days

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20
Q

what are oral manifestations for cyclic neutropenia

A

severe ulcerative gingivitis and areas of ulceration on the tongue and surfaces of the oral mucosa

21
Q

what are the autosomal recessive syndromes

A

chronic neutropenia, papillon lefevre, hypophophatasia

22
Q

papillon lefevre syndrome

A

destruction of periodontal tissue and results in the loss of both teeth in both dentitions prematurely

23
Q

oral manifestations of papillon lefevre

A

periodontal inflammation, edema, bleeding, alveolar bone resorption and mobility

24
Q

what is ehler danlos caused by and what is it characterized by

A

defects in structure or processing of collagen and weak joints and skin hyperelasticity

25
Q

oral manifestations of ehler danlos

A

delicate mucosa and weakened gingival tissue resulting in bop

26
Q

gorlin sign

A

tip of tongue can touch the nose associated with ehlers danlos

27
Q

another name for gingival fibromatosis with multiple hyaline fibromas

A

murray puretic drescher

28
Q

what is cherubism characterized by

A

bilateral facial swelling has soap bubbles in radiograph

29
Q

ellis van creveld

A

supernumerary digits and fingers and toenails are hypoplastic and deformed

30
Q

oral manifestation of ellis van creveld

A

fusion of the anterior portion of the max gingiva to the upper lip

31
Q

cleidocranial dysplasia

A

cranium develops into a mushroom shape and can have third dentition

32
Q

another name for gardener syndrome

A

familial adenomatous polyposis

33
Q

gardner syndrome

A

presence of osteomas in various bones of the skull

34
Q

another name for mandibulofacial dysotosis

A

treacher collins

35
Q

oral manifestations of mandibulofacial dysotosis

A

hypoplastic mandible with flattened condyle and coronoid process

36
Q

another name for nevoid basal cell carcinoma

A

gorlin syndrome

37
Q

oral manifestations of nevoid basal cell carcinoma

A

multiple cysts of the jaw

38
Q

cause of osteogenesis imperfecta

A

mutation of genes for collagen

39
Q

oral manifestation for osteogensis imperfecta

A

dentinogenesis imperfecta

40
Q

what is hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia characterized by

A

multiple capillary dilation of the skin

41
Q

what syndrome does the skin turn a color like coffee with milk

A

neurofibomatosis type one

42
Q

neurofibromatosis type ii

A

bilateral schwannomas of vestibular nerve

43
Q

four types of amelogenesis imperfecta

A

hypoplastic, hypocalcified, hypomaturation, hypoplastic-hypomaturation

44
Q

hypoplastic

A

enamel is not thick

45
Q

hypocalcified

A

enamel is thick but poorly calcified

46
Q

hypomaturation

A

enamel is mottled appearance

47
Q

hypoplastic - hypomaturation

A

yellow to brown color and pitted

48
Q

what is the most severe form of ectodermal dysplasia

A

hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

oralpathology (6 decks)

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