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Hormones and Behaviour > Chapter Seven: Hormone Synthesis, Storage, Release > Flashcards

Chapter Seven: Hormone Synthesis, Storage, Release Flashcards

1
Q

Steroid Hormone definition

A

Biosynthesized from cholesterol in the i) adrenal cortex and ii) gonads

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2
Q

Amine Hormones definition

A

Non steroid hormone

Modified amino acids

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3
Q

Peptide hormone definition

A

Non steroid hormone

Synthesized from amino acids in many different organs

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4
Q

Gonadal steroids

A

Progestins, androgens, estrogens

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5
Q

Adrenal steroids

A

Glucocorticoids

Mineralocorticoids

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6
Q

Amine hormones

A

Catechloamines (epinepherine, norepinepherine)

Indoleamines (serotonin, melanonin - synthesized from tryptophan)

Thyroid hormones (T3, T4)

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7
Q

Peptide hormones

A

Small (vasopressin, oxytocin)

Large (gastrin, glocogon, calcatonin)

Proteins

Glycoproteins (insulin, GH)

Glycoproteins (FSH, LH)

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8
Q

Common prohormones

A

POMC, ProCRH, Proinsulin, testosterone (= estradiol)

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9
Q

Major steroid hormone families

A

Androgen, cholesterol, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid

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10
Q

Steroids are only produced…

A

When needed

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11
Q

Pulsatile vs. continuous GnRH (peptide)

A

Pulsatile GnRH = pulsatile LH and FSH = good for reproduction

Continuous GnRH = reduced LH and FSH

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12
Q

Carrier protein for Vasopressin/oxytocin

A

Neurophysins I and II

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13
Q

Carrier proteins for T3 and T4

A

Thyronine binding globulin

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14
Q

Carrier proteins for glucocorticoids and progesteron

A

Corticosteroids binding globulin

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15
Q

Carrier protein for estrogen and testosterone

A

Sex hormone binding globulin

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16
Q

Carrier proteins

A

Facilitate transport of hormones in the blood

Prolong their active life by protecting them from deactivation

Enable steroids to be soluble in blood

17
Q

Methods used to investigate cellular sites of hormone biosynthesis, storage, secretion

A
  1. Identify neuroendocrine cells through gross anatomy OR surgically remove glands to determine effects
  2. Localization of hormones, receptors, and genes within cells:
    - Histological staining
    - Flouresence immunocytochemistry
    - Autoradiography
    - In Situ hybridization
18
Q

Metabolites

A

Hormones broken down by enzymes and metabolites are excreted

Metabolites are measured in urine to determine amounts of corresponding hormones

Hormones and Behaviour (7 decks)

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