Chapter Seven Flashcards
RCMP
Federal police, formed in 1873, serve as the provincial police in all provinces but ON, QU, + NFL, also the municipal police.
Citizen’s arrest
Anyone can arrest:
- person committing an offense in front of them, person on reasonable grounds they believe committed an offence, if they think someone is escaping authority.
- owner of property can arrest someone in possession of property.
Peace officer
Police officer, mayor, customs officer, someone responsible for preserving the public peace
Arrest warrant
Written court order directing the arrest of a suspect
Method of summary offences
Police will issue an appearance notice and not arrest them
Procedure with suspects
Required to ask questions but suspects cannot be forced to answer, typically open-ended first and then closed ended. Need to be read their rights.
When can officers make an arrest?
For an arrest warrant they swear an information to a judge. Can make arrest without warrant if they have reasonable grounds to suspect a person who has committed an offence. Can arrest anyone they see commit an offence or someone who is named in a warrant.
DNA
Found in bodily fluids. Can be tested. Need a warrant for samples for designated offences
Analyzing footprints
4 food prints, and they can find out a lot about what the suspect was carrying, how tall, how much they weighed and etc.
Methods for analyzing fingerprints
Dusted, lifted with tape, and put on white cardboard. Revealed by iodine fumes if absorbent surface. Revealed by lasers that turn it yellow.
Insect specialist
Entomologist
Patrol officer duty
Usually first to arrive, secure the crime scene, put police tape up. Conduct initial interviews with witnesses, can also arrest suspects if needed.
Scenes of crime officer
Skilled at photography and trained in lifting fingerprints/ other impressions. Can collect blood and hair. Usually work on less serious offences.
Criminal identification officer
Searches the crime scene and examines it for physical evidence. Sends evidence to lab for analysis.
Criminal investigation bureau officer
Plainclothes detective, usually specialized. Interviews witnesses and victims and interrogated suspects. Leads the case and draws conclusions from evidence and arrests suspects.
Police log
Written record of what an officer has witnessed for if thy have to testify at a trial.
Arriving at a crime scene
- Call an ambulance/ assist injured people
- Call for backup
- Search to make sure suspect is not still in the area
Search warrant
Court document signed by judge or justice of the peace giving the right to search a specific location. Must be shown to the person affected by the searching.
Legal strip search
1 of specific reasoning:
- Believe they are concealing something
- Search is authorized by a senior officer
Officer must be of same sex, at the police station, and searching of body cavities may only be done by medical personnel
Bodily fluid analysis
Except for in the case of drunk driving tests, police must have a warrant to demand a breath, blood or urine sample.
Glove impressions
Can be used to identify a suspect by gloves
DNA and twins
Identical twins have different fingerprints
Blood analysis
Blood can be analyzed to determine blood type but no other inclusive information
Forensic science
Application of biochemical and other scientific techniques to criminal investigations
