Chapter One Flashcards
Code of Hammurabi
Created by kind Hammurabi of Babylon, codified the rules and penalties for every aspect of life. Had 300 laws governing the daily lives of Babylonian. (Male dominated society :()
Justinian code
Justinian (emperor of Rome) codified roman law by 529 CE had body of law. Formed basis of civil law.
Restitution
Money (more civil)
Retribution
Justice based on vengeance
Rule of law
Principle or justice stating that the law is necessary to regulate society and that it applies to everyone
Where fingerprinting originated
China in 709 CE for identification
10 commandments
The ten laws at the beginning of Mosaic or Hebrew law
Mosaic law
Laws given to Moses from god to guide the Hebrew people
Napoleonic Code
The civil law of France completed in 1804, non-technical code
Compurgation
Trial by oath helping meaning “to purify with”
Adversarial system
Judicial process where by evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge or jury
British monarchs and the legal system
King William established feudal system: Henry II created assizes, King John signed the Magna Carta
Stare decisis
“Stand by the decision” or use decisions already made. The judge of one court would apply the same decision made by another judge.
Habeas corpus
A court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is charged before a court within a reasonable amount of time.
Quebec civil code
System of law used in Quebec for resolving private matters (based on Napoleonic code)
Great binding law
Outlined rights, duties, and responsibilities of the people-Iroquois confederacy (five nations coming together)
The twelve tables
Was roman code in 450 BCE, determined the law of England during the Roman occupation. Promoted public prosecution, victim compensation, and protected lower classes. Very patriarchal.
King Henry II
Invented common law by forming Assizes, grandson of William.
William the Conqueror
Was duke of Normandy, and defeated the Anglo-Saxon forces during the Battle of Hastings. He became kind of England (believed in divine right)
First law schools
Around the year 1087 CE, Irnerius, an Italian juries who taught Roman law set up the first law school in Bologna, Italy.
Trial by Combat
Two parties in a dispute engaged in a fuel. It was presumed God would be on the side of the innocent person who would be the victor.
Trial by Oath Helping
Swearing on a bible (Compurgation)
Assizes
Traveling courts
Feudal
System where nobles own parcels of land and have serfs
