Chapter Questions.

Question 1

How many Landform Regions are there in Canada?

Answer 1

8

Question 2

Give a brief description of the Canadian Shield.

Answer 2

Canadian Shield has the oldest rock in Canada and is 4 billion years old. The shield is mainly a shallow acidic podzol and supports coniferous growth. The lands within the shield are the foundation of other landforms and are very bad for farming. The land is primarily rocks that cover all of central Canada.

Question 3

Give a brief description of the Appalachian Mountains.

Answer 3

The Appalachian Mountains formed 375 million years ago when the Eurasian and North American plates collided to form the supercontinent Pangea. This landform can be found in most of Atlantic Canada. This area is covered by mixed forest with mountains as high as 1000m, and mountains were worn down by ice and water.

Question 4

Give a brief description of the Western Cordillera.

Answer 4

The Western Cordillera consists of three parallel mountain ranges.
-The Coast Mountains
-The Columbia Mountains
-The Rocky Mountains

Many mountains are over 3000m with many valleys for farming. The west-facing slopes have great forests. These mountains are found on the west coast.

Question 5

Give a brief description of the Innuitian mountains.

Answer 5

The Innuitian mountains are over 2000m tall with vertical siding. The mountains are primarily rocky because the area is too cold for trees to grow. These mountains are found in the Far North.

Question 6

Give a brief description of the artic lowlands.

Answer 6

The Artic Lowlands are south of the Innuitian mountains. The area is mostly tundra located in Nunavut.

Question 7

Give a brief description of the Interior plains.

Answer 7

The interior plains are found between the shield and western cordillera. The plains were formed when an inland sea receded. They are found in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and the North West territories.

Question 8

Give a brief description of the Great Lakes St. Lawerence lowlands.

Answer 8

The Great Lakes St.Lawrence lowlands are found south of the Canadian shield. This was flooded by the Champion Sea nearly 10000 years ago. As the sea receded, t left a flat area of fertile soil known as brown earth. It extends from southwestern Ontario along the Great Lakes and through Quebec.

Question 9

Give a brief description of the Hudson Bay lowlands.

Answer 9

The Hudson Bay Lowlands is a low area of the shield with a build-up of Paleozoic rock to a depth of 2000m. The lowlands are flat and poorly drained and covered by swamps and trees. It is located in northern Ontario and Manitoba.

Question 10

Identify Frontal Precipitation

Answer 10

-The leading edge of an air mass
-As fronts pass through an area weather changes.
-Air moves from areas of high pressure to low
Warm air can force itself up and over a cold mass, this is known as a warm front.
-Cool air can force itself under a warm air mass, a cold front

Question 11

Provide a brief description of climate A: Tropical Climate

Answer 11

• Canada has none.

Question 12

Provide a brief description of Climate B: Dry climate

Answer 12

-Evaporation and transpiration may be greater than precipitation.
-Some are warm, others are cool.
-Found in north and southern Alberta and Saskatchewan.

Question 13

Provide a brief description of Climate C: Warm, moist climates

Answer 13

-Warm, humid summers and mild winters
-Found along the coast of British Columbia

Question 14

Provide a brief description of Climate D: Cool, moist climates

Answer 14

-Most of Canada
-Ranges from the warm climates of southern Ontario to the cold subarctic
-Newfoundland is part of this region

Question 15

Provide a brief description of climate E: Polar Climates

Answer 15

-Only found in Canada’s North and highland areas
-Covers 25% of the country
-The warmest month is less than 10 degrees
Two types:
-Tundra
-Ice Cap

Question 16

How are landforms built?

Answer 16

The heat from the core creates convection currents in the mantle, causing movement of the mantle creates movement in the plates. The Movement in the plates can cause volcanoes to spew lava and volcanic ash. Where plates collide or separate, faulting and folding occur. Creating fold mountains, trenches, and rift valleys

Question 17

How are landforms shaped?

Answer 17

Once a landform is created, natural and human forces break it down by weathering, erosion and deposition.

Question 18

How does latitude influence climate?

Answer 18

As latitude increases, the intensity of solar foundations decreases. The daylight hours are longer at higher latitudes, and closer areas have more radiation and are much warmer.

Question 19

How do the influence air masses have on climate?

Answer 19

Air masses influence climate showing us if it’s maritime of continental. It could be warm or moist, it could e wet or dry.

Question 20

how do ocean currents influence climate.

Answer 20

By creating an air mass. For example, Newfoundland has a maritime air mass.

Question 21

Which ocean currents have the greatest influence in Canada?

Answer 21

On the Eastern side of Canada, there’s the Labrador current and the Gulf stream. On the western side of Canada, there’s the Alaska current and a little of the California current.

Question 22

Identify convectional precipitation

Answer 22

-Occurs as a result of the vertical movement of a air mass.
-The sun heats the crust, air is forced to rise.
-As it rises it cools and condenses.
- Rain occurs

Question 23

identify Relief/ Orographic Precipitation

Answer 23

-Occurs when moist air moves of a mountain barrier.
-As air blows from the ocean it is forced over a mountain.
-It is forced to cool and drop it’s moisture as rain.
-On the leeward side of the mountain we find a dry area known as a rain shadow