Chapter One Map Flashcards
what is the earliest map when?
Mesopotamia after 4000 BCE
what do maps do?
•Stories of other places
•Knowledge of what is where
Cartography (map making) as subset of geography
•Exploitation of resources (natural and human)
What is the feature of earliest map like Nuzi map
•Of local areas
•Carved into stone
•Show ownership and borders in relation to landforms
River. Mountain. Settlements
Cartography:
制图学The conception, production, dissemination传播, and study of maps.
How do the maps work?
communicate data gathered and can be used as data sources for analysis
Three different kinds of ancient maps
- Chinese cartographers map world 2200 BCE
- Greek mathematicians calculate circumference of earth, make latitude and longitude
- Islamic 伊斯兰教国家的world cartographers correct Greek mistakes use Chinese knowledge
Early European Maps
- Loss of Greek knowledge in Middle Ages
- Back to the simple maps of where one has been
- Related to Judeo-Christian orientations
- T-O map
Who is the most influential map maker?
Gerardus Mercator
How is the map of the man
- Big change
- His maps are still used today
- Preserves direction but not area
- Great for navigation
What is the type of map appearance
•Topographic地形测量图
•Thematic 有主题的. Isopleth等值线. Dot density. Proportional Symbol等比例
Choropleth 地区分布图
Proportional Symbol
map appearance scale
- Small-scale maps. Large-scale maps
- Large areas. •Small areas
- Less detail, larger extent. Lots of detail
- E.g, 1:250,000 •E.g., 1:50,000
What is Geographic Information Systems
An organized collection of computer hardware, software, and geographical data that is designed to capture, store, update, manipulate and display spatially referenced data.”
Why map matter
The cartographic tradition, and the history of mapping is important because
•Who made the maps?
•For what purpose?
•At what time?( information)
How do these maps represent reality?
Myths, lore, world views
•Maps taken as truth, but geographers know how to examine them with a critical eye
maps Meaning
•Maps
Representations of the earth
Have a history
