Chapter one: computer basics Flashcards
What is a computer?
A computer is a machine that changes information from one form to another by doing four basic actions: input - storage - processing - output
What are the four actions of a computer’s information processing cycle?
input, processing, storage, output
How do the computers work? What system.
Computers work with binary system that has fixed value.
What does Bit mean? And how many values does it have?
Bit is a short for binary digit. Each bit has two possible values, 0 or 1
What is byte?
Byte is groups of 0s or 1s (combinations of bits) entered to the computer as pieces of data.
Describe the hexadecimal?
One hexadecimal digit equal to four binary digits.
How many bytes does the colors can represented?
Colors can be represented by three-byte (8bit +8bit +8bit) where each byte represents red, green, or blue (RGB).
How many possible combinations of 0 or 1 in each group?
There are 256 possible combinations.
How do we represent a color?
RGB are codes simplified into a 6-digit hexadecimal value. First two digits of hexadecimal are Red, second two digits are Green, last two digits are Blue.
What is encoding character?
Is type of encoding character as bytes.
Why do we use encoding?
Because computers only recognize binary data, so texts or pictures enter to computer as codes in binary form (digital).
What is the most common coding system in character set?
ASCII: uses 8 bits.
Unicode: uses 16 bits.
What are the computer elements?
A computer system consists of two major elements: 1- Hardware 2- Software.
What is computer hardware?
Hardware are the computer’s physical parts.
What is the function of the processor hardware device?
Processor is a hardware device turns raw data into usable information.
Where can we find most computer hardware? What they do?
Most computer hardware is inside the case. They used for processing and storing data.
Give two examples for hardware used outside the computer case?
Keyboard and mouse.
What are the main components of a computer?
- Motherboard
- CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- RAM (Random Access Memory)
- HDD (Hard Disk Drive)
What is the function of the motherboard?
The motherboard connects hardware and allows data to travel from one hardware device to another. Motherboard also known as the system board or the main board.
What does the motherboard contain?
Motherboards are containing a set of paths called buses uses for communications between devices.
Why does the CPU is the most important processing devices?
Because CPU receives data input, executes instructions and processing information.
Where can we find the CPU?
The CPU fits into the motherboard’s CPU socket.
Which unit do we use to measure CPU’s speed?
CPU’s speed measured in gigahertz (GHz) Example: (4.10GHz)
Where can we find RAM? And why?
RAM located in specific slots in the motherboard close to the CPU, because it allows the CPU to quickly find the data it works with.
