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Psychology 101 > Chapter One > Flashcards

Chapter One Flashcards

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1
Q

Def of Psyche

A

Soul

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2
Q

Def of Ology

A

study of

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3
Q

Def of Psychology

A

study of the mind and behavior

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4
Q

Steps of Scientific study

A
  • Ask a question
  • do background research
  • construct a hypothesis
  • test with an experiment
  • if it is not working troubleshoot the procedure and check all steps and set up and go back to test the experiment.
  • if yes analyze data and draw a conclusion
  • if the results align with the hypothesis communicate the results.
  • if they do not align with the hypothesis data becomes information for further research and you go back to constructing a hypothesis.
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5
Q

Who is Wilhelm Wundt

A
  • A German scientist who was the first person to be referred to as a psychologist.
  • principles of psychology published in 1873
  • viewed psychology as a scientific study of conscious experience
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6
Q

Introspection

A

The examination or observation of one’s own mental and emotional processes.

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7
Q

Structuralism

A

A method of interpretation and analysis of aspects of human cognition, behavior, culture, and experience that focuses on relationships of contrast between elements in a conceptual system that reflects patterns underlying a superficial diversity.

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8
Q

what are the research interests of biological Psychologists?

A
  • sensory and motor systems
  • sleep
  • drug use and abuse
  • ingestive behavior
  • reproductive behavior
  • neuro development
  • plasticity of the nervous system
  • biological correlates of psychological disorders.
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9
Q

What does evolutionary psychology seek to study?

A
  • The ultimate biological behavior
  • types of studies are not strong evidence that behavior is adaptive. lacks info.
  • Traits we have now evolved under environmental and social conditions far back in human history. we have a poor understanding of what these conditions were.
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10
Q

Clinical psychology is?

A
  • The study of abnormal behaviors

- focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior.

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11
Q

Cognitive psychology is

A

Thinking and reasoning

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12
Q

Developmental psychology is

A

The study of humans across a lifetime from childhood through to old age.

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13
Q

Social psychology is

A

The study of groups of people

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14
Q

Behavioral genetics is

A

Impact of genes and behavior on someone

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15
Q

Sport psychology is

A

-study the psychological aspects of sports performance including motivation and performance anxiety and the effects of sport on mental and emotional well-being.

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16
Q

Health Psychology is

A

focuses on how health is affected by the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.

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17
Q

Forensic Psychology

A
  • Child custody case, criminality, eye witness testimony accuracy issues.
  • that deals with questions of psychology as they arise in the context of the justice system
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18
Q

what is Biopsychology

A

Explores how our biology influences our behavior

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19
Q

Sensation and perception

A

Sensation: is input about the physical world obtained by our sensory receptors
Perception:is the process by which the brain selects, organizes, and interprets these sensations.

20
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A
  • a better understanding of mind and mental processes that underline behavior
  • focuses on studying cognition, thoughts, and their relationship to our experiences and our actions.
21
Q

Personality Psychology

A
  • patterns of thoughts and behavior that make each individual unique
  • research is focused on identifying personality traits measuring these traits and determining how their traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation
  • personality traits are relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior
22
Q

What are the 5 Dimensions aka “ Big Five”

A
  • Conscientiousness
  • Agreeableness
  • neuroticism
  • openness
  • extraversion
23
Q

Social Psychology

A
  • Focuses on how we interact and relate to others.

- on how being around other people change our own behavior and patterns of thinking

24
Q

Industrial- Organizational Psychology

A

a subfield of psychology that applies psychological theories, principles and research findings in industrial and organizational settings.

25
Q

APA

A

American Psychological Association. pro organization representing psychologists in the USA

26
Q

Biopsychology

A

study of how biology influences behavior

27
Q

behaviorism

A

focus on observing and controlling behavior

28
Q

biopsychosocial model

A

the perspective that asserts that biology, psychology and social factors interact to determine an individual’s health.

29
Q

Clinical psychology

A

area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior

30
Q

cognitive psychology

A

study of cognition, or thoughts and their relationship to experiences and action

31
Q

counseling psychology

A

area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals.

32
Q

developmental psychology

A

the scientific study of development across a lifespan

33
Q

dissertation

A

long research paper about research that was conducted as a part of the candidate’s doctoral training.

34
Q

empirical method

A

method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation, rather than a method based only on forms of logical argument o previous authorities

35
Q

forensic psychology

A

area of psychology that applies the science and practice of psychology to issues within and related to the justice system

36
Q

functionalism

A

focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment.

37
Q

humanism

A

the perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

38
Q

introspection

A

the process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its component parts.

39
Q

ology

A

suffix that denotes “scientific study of”

40
Q

personality psycholoy

A

consistent pattern of thought and behavior

41
Q

PhD

A

doctor of philosophy. doctoral degree conferred in many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional college of liberal arts and sciences.

42
Q

Postdoctoral training program

A

allows young scientists t further develop their research programs and broaden their research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field.

43
Q

psych

A

greek word for soul

44
Q

psychoanalytic theory

A

focuses on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior

45
Q

psy D

A

Doctor of psychology. A doctoral degree that places less emphasis on research-oriented skills and focuses more on the application of psychological principles in the clinical context.

46
Q

sport and exercise psychology

A

area of psychology that focuses on the interactions between mental and emotional factors and physical performance in sports, exercise, and other ativities

47
Q

structuralism

A

understanding the conscious experience through introsepction

Psychology 101 (2 decks)

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