Chapter Nine

Question 1

Ebb tide

Answer 1

away from the shore

Question 2

Spring tide

Answer 2

maximum tidal range due to constructive interference from solar lunar tides when the moon is full or new

Question 3

Syzygy

Answer 3

When the Earth, Moon, Sun system is aligned

Question 4

Neap

Answer 4

First or third quarter moon resulting in destructive tides

Question 5

Quadrature

Answer 5

The name of the Moon when in neap tides

Question 6

Declination

Answer 6

Angular distance of the Sun or Moon above or below Earth’s equatorial plane

Question 7

Perihelion

Answer 7

Closest point of Earth to the sun, causing large tidal ranges

Question 8

Aphelion

Answer 8

Farthest point of Earth to the sun, small tidal ranges

Question 9

Perigee

Answer 9

Moon is closest to the Earth

Question 10

Apogee

Answer 10

Moon is farthest away from the Earth

Question 11

Amphidromic point

Answer 11

Point near the center of each cell

Question 12

Cotidal lines

Answer 12

Lines that go from amphidromic points to location where high tide occurs simulatneously

Question 13

Dirunal

Answer 13

one high tide, one low tide. Common in shallow inland seas. Tidal period is 24 hours and 50 minutes

Question 14

Semidiurnal tidal pattern

Answer 14

Two high tides and two low tides. 12 hour 25 minutes tidal period

Question 15

Mixed tidal

Answer 15

Mixed characteristics

Question 16

Tidal bore

Answer 16

When a tide hits a river flowing the opposite away

Question 17

Rotary current

Answer 17

Counterclockwise tide crest

Question 18

Reversing current

Answer 18

alternating current

Question 19

Flood current

Answer 19

When water rushes into a bay with an incoming high tide

Question 20

Ebb current

Answer 20

When water drains out of a bay

Question 21

High slack/low slack

Answer 21

Occurs when there is not a current at the peak of high tide or low tide

Question 22

Whirlpool

Answer 22

Rapidly spinning body of water when two large bodies of water pass in a shallow area

Question 23

Tidal power for energy

Answer 23

Power can only be generated at certain times of the day, initial costs high but operating costs are low, possible damage to the environment

Question 24

Barycenter

Answer 24

Common center of mass between the Moon and the Sun, 1600 km below surface of Earth

Question 25

Gravitational Force

Answer 25

Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two bodies

Question 26

Zenith

Answer 26

greatest point of gravitational attraction, located directly above the head

Question 27

Nadir

Answer 27

weakest point of gravitational attraction, point farthest from the moon

Question 28

Centripetal Force

Answer 28

Force required to keep planets in their orbits is provided by the gravitational attraction between them and the Sun

Question 29

Resultant forces

Answer 29

Mathematical differences between centripetal force and gravitational force

Question 30

Tide generating forces

Answer 30

Occurs if the resultant force is tangential to Earth’s surface, inversely proportional to the cube of the distance between objects, creates two bulges away from the Moon and towards the Moon

Question 31

Lunar bulges

Answer 31

toward and away from the moon

Question 32

Tidal period

Answer 32

time between high tides

Question 33

Lunar day

Answer 33

24 hour and 50 time period between the moon passing the same point on Earth, Earth has to catch up

Question 34

Flood tide

Answer 34

Toward the shore