Chapter IX

Question 1

Trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus, is valued as a foundation of principle.

Answer 1

Virtue

Question 2

positive, enjoyable, or worth seeking mental state

Answer 2

Pleasure

Question 3

state of well-being that encompasses living a good life with a sense of meaning and deep satisfaction

Answer 3

Happiness

Question 4

concept of human morality such as good and evil, right and wrong, justice and crime

Answer 4

Ethics

Question 5

an object or producr that is useful

Answer 5

Good

Question 6

refers to what is shared and beneficial for all or most members of a given community

Answer 6

Common Good

Question 7

Are excellent persona, traits or character strengths which are deemed to be morally good for thinking and learning and are often associated with knowledge and cognitive ability.

Answer 7

Intellectual Virtues

Question 8

Features of Intellectual Virtues

Answer 8

1. They are acquired
2. They are excellent
3. They involve human emotions,intentions,motivations, and values
4. They are aimed at cognitive goods
5. They are means between two extremes

Question 9

is an item or service that may be consumed without reducing the amount available for others, and cannot be withheld from those who do not pay for it.

Answer 9

Public Good

Question 10

A public good benefits the communal or national public as it used by a greater number of the local population.

Answer 10

National People and the Public Good

Question 11

Most of the time, national good is considered synonymous to communal good.

Answer 11

Communal People and the Public Good.

Question 12

The economic concept of the public good pertains to the benefit that may accrue an individual or a firm in pursuing a project that will offset possible losses or adverse effects and that will likewise benefit the general public.

Answer 12

Microeconomy

Question 13

There is a distinction between service and profit orientations. Industrial and business firms are profit-oriented while governmental agencies are service-oriented.

Government-owned or -controlled corporations are basically service-oriented but they are encouraged to be self-liquidating.

Answer 13

Macroeconomy

Question 14

Types of Public Goods

Answer 14

Private
Public
Mixed
Bads

Question 15

are non-rival and non-excludable in that the participation of one does not, in principle, diminish or exclude others from participating in it.

these public goods are in the interest not only of the individual public but the entire nation as well

Answer 15

“Public” Public Goods

Question 16

are set up by the private sector either solely or in participation with the government since the private sector sees their realization as profitable, and the general public benefits from them as well either as customers or as free riders.

Answer 16

“Private” Public Goods

Question 17

are undertaken by some private organizations or civil societies for the common good of the communal or national public. These are basically service-oriented.

Answer 17

“Mixed” Public Goods.

Question 18

are. negative goods which the general public scorns, and in many cases, are avoided or not tolerated by both the private and public sectors.

Some of these are corruption, pollution, crimes, and the like.

Answer 18

Public “Bads.”

Question 19

focuses on living in accord with what is intrinsically worthwhile to human beings - purpose, meaning relationships, good health, and contribution to the community

Answer 19

Eudaimonia

Question 20

The United Nations Environment Programme defines this as a result of improved human well-being and social equity while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities.

Answer 20

Green Economy

Question 21

In its simplest form it can be thought as a low carbon resource efficient and socially inclusive

Answer 21

Green Economy