CHAPTER II - FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

These almond-shaped organs are responsible for producing eggs (ova) and secreting hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Answer 1

Ovaries

Question 2

A mature follicle that releases an egg during ovulation.

Answer 2

Graafian follicle

Question 3

The structure that forms after ovulation and produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for potential pregnancy.

Answer 3

Corpus luteum

Question 4

The condition characterized by multiple immature follicles in the ovaries, leading to hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and infertility.

Answer 4

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Question 5

The paired structures that transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, measuring about 10 cm in length.

Answer 5

Uterine tubes (Fallopian tubes)

Question 6

Finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes that help guide the egg into the tube after ovulation.

Answer 6

Fimbriae

Question 7

The widest section of the fallopian tube, where fertilization typically occurs.

Answer 7

Ampulla

Question 8

A medical emergency where a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, often in the fallopian tube.

Answer 8

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 9

A surgical procedure that permanently prevents pregnancy by cutting or blocking the fallopian tubes.

Answer 9

Tubal ligation

Question 10

A pear-shaped organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops during pregnancy.

Answer 10

Uterus

Question 11

The upper portion of the uterus, where the fallopian tubes connect.

Answer 11

Fundus

Question 12

The thick layer of tissue that lines the uterus and sheds during menstruation if no pregnancy occurs.

Answer 12

Endometrium

Question 13

A condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus, causing pain and infertility.

Answer 13

Endometriosis

Question 14

Benign tumors in the uterus that can cause heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain.

Answer 14

Uterine fibroids

Question 15

A type of cancer that can be detected early through Pap smears.

Answer 15

Cervical cancer

Question 16

The muscular canal extending from the cervix to the external genitalia, serving as the birth canal.

Answer 16

Vagina

Question 17

Inflammation of the vaginal lining, often caused by infections like yeast infections or bacterial vaginosis.

Answer 17

Vaginitis

Question 18

A condition where the vaginal walls weaken, causing the bladder, uterus, or rectum to drop into the vaginal canal.

Answer 18

Pelvic organ prolapse

Question 19

Specialized organs located in the breasts that produce milk for newborns.

Answer 19

Mammary glands

Question 20

A network of ducts that transport milk from the mammary glands to the nipple.

Answer 20

Lactiferous ducts

Question 21

One of the most common cancers in women, detected through self-examination and mammograms.

Answer 21

Breast cancer

Question 22

A hormone that helps regulate menstrual cycles and is often used in birth control to manage conditions like PCOS.

Answer 22

Estrogen

Question 23

A phase in the menstrual cycle where the egg matures, and the uterine lining starts to thicken.

Answer 23

Follicular phase

Question 24

The phase in the menstrual cycle when the egg is released from the ovary.

Answer 24

Ovulation

Question 25

The timeframe in which sperm can survive inside the female body, making pregnancy possible.

Answer 25

Up to 5 days

Question 26

True or False: The hymen is a reliable indicator of virginity.

Question 27

True or False: A woman can get pregnant while on her period.

Answer 27

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Question 28

True or False: Using two types of birth control together is dangerous.

Question 29

True or False: Women experience higher rates of osteoporosis after menopause.

Answer 29

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Question 30

True or False: Menstrual cramps are normal and cannot be treated.

Question 31

A 28-year-old woman visits the doctor due to irregular menstrual cycles and excessive hair growth. Tests reveal high androgen levels and multiple immature follicles in her ovaries. What condition might she have?

Answer 31

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Question 32

A pregnant woman is experiencing severe abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. An ultrasound shows that the fertilized egg has implanted in the fallopian tube instead of the uterus. What is this condition called?

Answer 32

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 33

A 45-year-old woman has been experiencing heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure. An ultrasound reveals the presence of benign tumors in her uterus. What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer 33

Uterine fibroids

Question 34

A young girl’s menstrual cycles range between 22 and 36 days, sometimes varying each month. Is this normal? What is the typical range of menstrual cycle length?

Answer 34

21-35 days

Question 35

A couple is trying to conceive. The woman wants to know the best time to engage in sexual intercourse to maximize the chances of pregnancy. What phase of the menstrual cycle should they focus on?

Answer 35

Fertile window

Question 36

A 32-year-old woman is diagnosed with cervical cancer. Her doctor explains that it was detected early through a routine screening test. What is this test called?

Answer 36

Pap smear

Question 37

A woman gives birth and struggles with breastfeeding due to a low milk supply. Which anatomical structures are responsible for producing and transporting milk to the nipple?

Answer 37

Mammary glands, Lactiferous ducts

Question 38

A postmenopausal woman is at a higher risk of osteoporosis due to the decline in a certain hormone that helps maintain bone density. What hormone is this?

Answer 38

Estrogen

Question 39

A teenage girl has been experiencing severe menstrual cramps that interfere with her daily activities. What condition might she be suffering from?

Answer 39

Dysmenorrhea

Question 40

A woman undergoes a surgical procedure that permanently prevents pregnancy by cutting or blocking the fallopian tubes. What is this procedure called?

Answer 40

Tubal ligation

Question 41

A newborn baby begins suckling at the mother's breast, stimulating the release of milk. What hormone plays a major role in milk production?

Answer 41

Prolactin

Question 42

A woman is considering different forms of contraception. She wants a method that regulates her menstrual cycle, reduces acne, and prevents pregnancy. What type of contraception might she consider?

Answer 42

Hormonal birth control

Question 43

A patient with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is prescribed a medication to help regulate insulin levels and improve ovulation. What medication might this be?

Answer 43

Metformin

Question 44

A woman experiencing acne, excessive hair growth, and irregular periods is prescribed an anti-androgen medication to block the effects of male hormones. What medication might she be given?

Answer 44

Spironolactone

Question 45

A 16-year-old girl believes that douching is necessary to maintain vaginal cleanliness. However, her doctor explains that the vagina is self-cleaning and douching can lead to infections. What characteristic of the vagina helps maintain its health?

Answer 45

Vaginal pH

Question 46

A patient is diagnosed with a condition in which the uterus lining grows outside the uterus, causing pain and infertility. What is this condition called?

Answer 46

Endometriosis

Question 47

A 50-year-old woman has not had a period for over a year and is experiencing hot flashes and mood swings. What stage of reproductive life is she in?

Answer 47

Menopause

Question 48

A woman experiences an increase in cervical mucus, a slight rise in body temperature, and a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH). What process is occurring in her body?

Answer 48

Ovulation

Question 49

A doctor advises a sexually active woman to get a vaccine that helps prevent a virus known to cause cervical cancer. What vaccine is being recommended?

Answer 49

HPV vaccination

Question 50

A nurse educates a pregnant woman about the importance of a strong and flexible muscular organ that will expand during pregnancy to support fetal growth. What organ is being described?

Answer 50

Uterus