CHAPTER I - MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards
What is the function of the scrotum?
It protects the testes and regulates their temperature.
What muscles help regulate testicular temperature?
Dartos muscle (wrinkles skin to conserve heat) and Cremaster muscle (moves testes up/down).
Why must the testes be cooler than body temperature?
Sperm production (spermatogenesis) requires a temperature around 34–35°C.
What are common clinical issues related to the scrotum?
Hydrocele (fluid accumulation) and testicular torsion (twisting of the spermatic cord).
What are the main functions of the testes?
Spermatogenesis (sperm production) and testosterone secretion.
What are seminiferous tubules?
Coiled structures in the testes where sperm production occurs.
What are Sertoli and Leydig cells?
Sertoli cells nourish sperm; Leydig cells produce testosterone.
What conditions affect the testes?
Testicular cancer (tumor formation) and hypogonadism (low testosterone levels).
What is the function of the epididymis?
It stores and matures sperm, making them motile.
What does the vas deferens do?
Transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
What surgical procedure affects the vas deferens?
Vasectomy, a male sterilization procedure.
What is the urethra’s role in the male reproductive system?
It carries both semen and urine, with an internal sphincter preventing mixing.
What are the accessory sex glands?
Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands).
What is the function of seminal vesicles?
They produce a fructose-rich fluid that provides energy for sperm.
What is the function of the prostate gland?
It secretes a milky fluid to neutralize vaginal acidity.
What is the function of bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands?
They secrete pre-ejaculate to lubricate the urethra.
What common conditions affect the prostate?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (enlargement) and Prostatitis (inflammation).
What is semen composed of?
Spermatozoa (from testes) and seminal fluid (from accessory glands).
What is semen analysis used for?
To assess male fertility by checking sperm count, motility, and morphology.
What is retrograde ejaculation?
A condition where semen enters the bladder instead of exiting the penis.
What are the main parts of the penis?
Shaft, glans penis (head), and urethra.
What is the role of corpora cavernosa?
These two erectile tissues fill with blood to cause an erection.
What is the corpus spongiosum?
A tissue that surrounds the urethra and keeps it open during an erection.
What is erectile dysfunction (ED)?
The inability to achieve or maintain an erection.
What conditions can cause ED?
Diabetes, hypertension, psychological stress, and smoking.
Do men continue producing sperm throughout life?
True – Unlike women, men produce sperm continuously.
Does foot size indicate penis size?
False – There is no scientific correlation.
Can tight underwear lower sperm count?
True – It increases testicular temperature, affecting sperm production.
Does frequent ejaculation permanently reduce sperm count?
False – Sperm production is continuous.
Can using two condoms provide double protection?
False – It increases friction, making them more likely to break.
Does excessive cycling cause erectile dysfunction?
True – Prolonged pressure on the perineum can reduce blood flow and nerve function.
Can pre-ejaculate (pre-cum) cause pregnancy?
True – It may contain sperm from previous ejaculations.
What is the main function of the male reproductive system?
To produce, mature, and deliver sperm for reproduction.
What is spermatogenesis?
The process of sperm production occurring in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Why do men need testosterone?
It is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics, sperm production, and libido.
What is the function of the spermatic cord?
It contains blood vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens, supporting the testes.
What is testicular descent, and why is it important?
It is the movement of the testes from the abdomen into the scrotum, necessary for normal sperm production.
What is cryptorchidism?
A condition where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum.
What are the three main ducts of the male reproductive system?
Epididymis, vas deferens, and urethra.
How does sperm move through the reproductive system?
Sperm starts in the seminiferous tubules, matures in the epididymis, travels through the vas deferens, mixes with fluids from accessory glands, and exits via the urethra.
What is the function of seminal fluid?
It provides nutrients, protection, and a medium for sperm motility.
What role does fructose play in semen?
It provides energy for sperm movement, secreted by the seminal vesicles.
Why does the prostate secrete an alkaline fluid?
To neutralize vaginal acidity, increasing sperm survival.
What are the three main components of semen?
Sperm, seminal fluid, and enzymes that help sperm function.
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
They secrete pre-ejaculate, which lubricates the urethra and neutralizes acidic urine.
What is the function of the ejaculatory duct?
It connects the vas deferens to the urethra, allowing sperm and seminal fluid to mix before ejaculation.
What is the function of the external urethral orifice?
It is the opening at the tip of the penis through which urine and semen exit.
Why does the bladder’s internal sphincter contract during ejaculation?
To prevent semen from entering the bladder (preventing retrograde ejaculation).
How long does it take sperm to fully mature?
Approximately 64–72 days.
What is the lifespan of sperm inside a woman’s reproductive tract?
3–5 days under optimal conditions.
How much semen is typically released per ejaculation?
About 2–5 mL, containing 15–200 million sperm per mL.
What is azoospermia?
A condition where semen contains no sperm, leading to infertility.
What is oligospermia?
A condition where sperm count is abnormally low, which may reduce fertility.
What is asthenospermia?
A condition where sperm motility is poor, reducing the ability to reach the egg.
What is teratospermia?
A condition where sperm have abnormal morphology, affecting fertilization ability.
What is a varicocele?
Enlarged veins in the spermatic cord, which may cause infertility.
What is epididymitis?
An infection or inflammation of the epididymis, often caused by STIs or urinary tract infections.
What is the function of the corpora cavernosa?
These two erectile tissues fill with blood to enable erection.
What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?
It surrounds the urethra and prevents it from collapsing during an erection.
What causes an erection?
Increased blood flow to the corpora cavernosa due to sexual arousal.
What is the average length of an erection?
It varies but typically lasts from a few minutes to 30 minutes, depending on stimulation and health factors.
What is the refractory period?
The time after ejaculation before another erection can occur, varying based on age and health.
How do anabolic steroids affect male fertility?
They disrupt natural testosterone production, causing testicular shrinkage and infertility.
What is priapism?
A prolonged and painful erection lasting more than 4 hours, requiring emergency treatment.
What is phimosis?
A condition where the foreskin is too tight to retract over the glans penis.
What is paraphimosis?
A condition where the foreskin gets stuck behind the glans, cutting off blood flow.
What is circumcision?
The surgical removal of the foreskin, often for religious, cultural, or medical reasons.
What is balanitis?
Inflammation of the glans penis, often caused by poor hygiene, infections, or allergies.
What is Peyronie’s disease?
A condition where scar tissue causes the penis to curve abnormally, possibly leading to pain and erectile dysfunction.
How can prostate cancer affect male fertility?
Surgery or radiation therapy can damage reproductive structures, leading to infertility.
What is TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)?
A surgical procedure to remove excess prostate tissue in cases of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia).
What is nocturnal emission?
Also known as a “wet dream,” it is the involuntary ejaculation of semen during sleep.
What is vasectomy reversal?
A surgical procedure to reconnect the vas deferens, restoring fertility after vasectomy.
What is prostate-specific antigen (PSA)?
A protein measured in blood tests to screen for prostate cancer.
What are the early symptoms of prostate cancer?
Frequent urination, difficulty urinating, weak urine flow, and blood in urine or semen.
What lifestyle changes help prevent erectile dysfunction?
Regular exercise, healthy diet, reducing stress, quitting smoking, and avoiding excessive alcohol.
What are phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
Medications like Viagra and Cialis that help treat erectile dysfunction.
How does diabetes contribute to erectile dysfunction?
It damages blood vessels and nerves, reducing blood flow to the penis.
What is the relationship between cardiovascular health and erections?
Poor heart health can cause reduced blood flow, leading to erectile dysfunction.
How does smoking affect male reproductive health?
It reduces sperm count, sperm motility, and erectile function.
What is sperm banking?
Freezing and storing sperm for future use, often for men undergoing medical treatments affecting fertility.
How does obesity affect male fertility?
It lowers testosterone levels, increases estrogen, and reduces sperm quality.
What is Klinefelter syndrome?
A genetic disorder where men have an extra X chromosome (XXY), leading to infertility and low testosterone.
What is testicular self-examination (TSE)?
A method for men to check for lumps or changes that may indicate testicular cancer.
When should a man start doing testicular self-exams?
From teenage years onward, ideally once a month.
A man complains of pain and swelling in his scrotum after unprotected sex. He also has a fever. What is the likely diagnosis? A) Testicular torsion B) Epididymitis C) Hydrocele D) Varicocele
B) Epididymitis
A 50-year-old man has difficulty urinating and a weak urine stream. What condition is most likely? A) Prostate cancer B) Prostatitis C) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) D) Urethral stricture
C) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
A teenager finds a painless lump on his testicle. What should he do? A) Ignore it B) Wait and see if it goes away C) Perform home treatment D) See a doctor immediately
D) See a doctor immediately
A couple is struggling to conceive, and the husband had mumps as a child. What test should he undergo? A) Prostate exam B) Sperm analysis C) Testicular ultrasound D) Hormone test
B) Sperm analysis
A cyclist experiences numbness in his groin after long rides. What should he do? A) Switch to a padded seat B) Continue cycling normally C) Ignore the numbness D) Take painkillers
A) Switch to a padded seat
A man has a painful, prolonged erection lasting more than 4 hours. What should he do? A) Wait for it to go away B) Apply ice packs C) Seek emergency medical care D) Take aspirin
C) Seek emergency medical care
A bodybuilder using anabolic steroids notices shrunken testicles. Why? A) Increased sperm production B) Hormonal imbalance C) Improved testosterone levels D) Genetic condition
B) Hormonal imbalance
A man’s urine is cloudy after sex, with discomfort when urinating. What could this indicate? A) Bladder infection B) Prostatitis C) Kidney stones D) Retrograde ejaculation
B) Prostatitis
A patient experiences erectile dysfunction after starting blood pressure medication. What should he do? A) Stop taking the medication B) Consult a doctor for alternatives C) Take a double dose D) Ignore it
B) Consult a doctor for alternatives
A patient with low sperm motility asks for lifestyle changes. What should be advised? A) Avoid heat and tight underwear B) Increase alcohol intake C) Reduce physical activity D) Consume high-fat foods
A) Avoid heat and tight underwear
A man undergoes a vasectomy but wants children later. What is an option? A) Vasectomy reversal B) Testosterone supplements C) Prostate surgery D) Erectile dysfunction treatment
A) Vasectomy reversal
A 45-year-old man notices blood in his semen. What should he do? A) Ignore it B) Reduce sexual activity C) Seek medical evaluation D) Drink more water
C) Seek medical evaluation
A patient asks if using two condoms provides extra protection. What is the correct response? A) Yes, it doubles protection B) No, it increases the risk of breakage C) Only if lubricated D) Only with different brands
B) No, it increases the risk of breakage
A man experiences difficulty maintaining an erection after heavy alcohol consumption. Why? A) Alcohol increases testosterone B) Alcohol decreases blood flow C) Alcohol improves nerve function D) Alcohol boosts libido
B) Alcohol decreases blood flow
A patient is embarrassed about erectile dysfunction. How should a nurse approach this? A) Ignore the concern B) Reassure that ED is common and discuss treatment C) Suggest lifestyle changes only D) Tell him to accept it
B) Reassure that ED is common and discuss treatment
A teenager asks why his testicles sometimes move closer to his body. What is the reason? A) Temperature regulation B) Random movement C) Sperm storage D) Hormonal surge
A) Temperature regulation
A man worries that masturbation will permanently reduce his sperm count. What is the truth? A) Masturbation permanently lowers sperm count B) Masturbation has no long-term effect on fertility C) Masturbation causes infertility D) Masturbation damages the prostate
B) Masturbation has no long-term effect on fertility
A man who smokes heavily wants to conceive. What is the concern? A) Smoking has no effect on fertility B) Smoking reduces sperm count and motility C) Smoking improves sperm function D) Smoking increases testosterone
B) Smoking reduces sperm count and motility
A man with diabetes has erectile dysfunction. What is the likely cause? A) Nerve and blood vessel damage B) Increased sperm production C) Enhanced testosterone D) Enlarged prostate
A) Nerve and blood vessel damage
What is the function of the scrotum?
It protects the testes and regulates their temperature.
What muscles help regulate testicular temperature?
Dartos muscle (wrinkles skin to conserve heat) and Cremaster muscle (moves testes up/down).
Why must the testes be cooler than body temperature?
Sperm production (spermatogenesis) requires a temperature around 34–35°C.
What are common clinical issues related to the scrotum?
Hydrocele (fluid accumulation) and testicular torsion (twisting of the spermatic cord).
What are the main functions of the testes?
Spermatogenesis (sperm production) and testosterone secretion.
What are seminiferous tubules?
Coiled structures in the testes where sperm production occurs.
What are Sertoli and Leydig cells?
Sertoli cells nourish sperm; Leydig cells produce testosterone.
What conditions affect the testes?
Testicular cancer (tumor formation) and hypogonadism (low testosterone levels).
What is the function of the epididymis?
It stores and matures sperm, making them motile.
What does the vas deferens do?
Transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
What surgical procedure affects the vas deferens?
Vasectomy, a male sterilization procedure.
What is the urethra’s role in the male reproductive system?
It carries both semen and urine, with an internal sphincter preventing mixing.
What are the accessory sex glands?
Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands).
What is the function of seminal vesicles?
They produce a fructose-rich fluid that provides energy for sperm.
What is the function of the prostate gland?
It secretes a milky fluid to neutralize vaginal acidity.
What is the function of bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands?
They secrete pre-ejaculate to lubricate the urethra.
What common conditions affect the prostate?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (enlargement) and Prostatitis (inflammation).
What is semen composed of?
Spermatozoa (from testes) and seminal fluid (from accessory glands).
What is semen analysis used for?
To assess male fertility by checking sperm count, motility, and morphology.
What is retrograde ejaculation?
A condition where semen enters the bladder instead of exiting the penis.
What are the main parts of the penis?
Shaft, glans penis (head), and urethra.
What is the role of corpora cavernosa?
These two erectile tissues fill with blood to cause an erection.
What is the corpus spongiosum?
A tissue that surrounds the urethra and keeps it open during an erection.
What is erectile dysfunction (ED)?
The inability to achieve or maintain an erection.
What conditions can cause ED?
Diabetes, hypertension, psychological stress, and smoking.
Do men continue producing sperm throughout life?
True – Unlike women, men produce sperm continuously.
Does foot size indicate penis size?
False – There is no scientific correlation.
Can tight underwear lower sperm count?
True – It increases testicular temperature, affecting sperm production.
Does frequent ejaculation permanently reduce sperm count?
False – Sperm production is continuous.
Can using two condoms provide double protection?
False – It increases friction, making them more likely to break.
Does excessive cycling cause erectile dysfunction?
True – Prolonged pressure on the perineum can reduce blood flow and nerve function.
Can pre-ejaculate (pre-cum) cause pregnancy?
True – It may contain sperm from previous ejaculations.
What is the main function of the male reproductive system?
To produce, mature, and deliver sperm for reproduction.
What is spermatogenesis?
The process of sperm production occurring in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Why do men need testosterone?
It is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics, sperm production, and libido.
What is the function of the spermatic cord?
It contains blood vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens, supporting the testes.
What is testicular descent, and why is it important?
It is the movement of the testes from the abdomen into the scrotum, necessary for normal sperm production.
What is cryptorchidism?
A condition where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum.
What are the three main ducts of the male reproductive system?
Epididymis, vas deferens, and urethra.
How does sperm move through the reproductive system?
Sperm starts in the seminiferous tubules, matures in the epididymis, travels through the vas deferens, mixes with fluids from accessory glands, and exits via the urethra.
What is the function of seminal fluid?
It provides nutrients, protection, and a medium for sperm motility.
What role does fructose play in semen?
It provides energy for sperm movement, secreted by the seminal vesicles.
Why does the prostate secrete an alkaline fluid?
To neutralize vaginal acidity, increasing sperm survival.
What are the three main components of semen?
Sperm, seminal fluid, and enzymes that help sperm function.
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
They secrete pre-ejaculate, which lubricates the urethra and neutralizes acidic urine.
What is the function of the ejaculatory duct?
It connects the vas deferens to the urethra, allowing sperm and seminal fluid to mix before ejaculation.
What is the function of the external urethral orifice?
It is the opening at the tip of the penis through which urine and semen exit.
Why does the bladder’s internal sphincter contract during ejaculation?
To prevent semen from entering the bladder (preventing retrograde ejaculation).
How long does it take sperm to fully mature?
Approximately 64–72 days.
What is the lifespan of sperm inside a woman’s reproductive tract?
3–5 days under optimal conditions.
How much semen is typically released per ejaculation?
About 2–5 mL, containing 15–200 million sperm per mL.
What is azoospermia?
A condition where semen contains no sperm, leading to infertility.
What is oligospermia?
A condition where sperm count is abnormally low, which may reduce fertility.
What is asthenospermia?
A condition where sperm motility is poor, reducing the ability to reach the egg.
What is teratospermia?
A condition where sperm have abnormal morphology, affecting fertilization ability.
What is a varicocele?
Enlarged veins in the spermatic cord, which may cause infertility.
What is epididymitis?
An infection or inflammation of the epididymis, often caused by STIs or urinary tract infections.
What is the function of the corpora cavernosa?
These two erectile tissues fill with blood to enable erection.
What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?
It surrounds the urethra and prevents it from collapsing during an erection.
What causes an erection?
Increased blood flow to the corpora cavernosa due to sexual arousal.
What is the average length of an erection?
It varies but typically lasts from a few minutes to 30 minutes, depending on stimulation and health factors.
What is the refractory period?
The time after ejaculation before another erection can occur, varying based on age and health.
How do anabolic steroids affect male fertility?
They disrupt natural testosterone production, causing testicular shrinkage and infertility.
What is priapism?
A prolonged and painful erection lasting more than 4 hours, requiring emergency treatment.
What is phimosis?
A condition where the foreskin is too tight to retract over the glans penis.
What is paraphimosis?
A condition where the foreskin gets stuck behind the glans, cutting off blood flow.
What is circumcision?
The surgical removal of the foreskin, often for religious, cultural, or medical reasons.
What is balanitis?
Inflammation of the glans penis, often caused by poor hygiene, infections, or allergies.
What is Peyronie’s disease?
A condition where scar tissue causes the penis to curve abnormally, possibly leading to pain and erectile dysfunction.
How can prostate cancer affect male fertility?
Surgery or radiation therapy can damage reproductive structures, leading to infertility.
What is TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)?
A surgical procedure to remove excess prostate tissue in cases of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia).
What is nocturnal emission?
Also known as a “wet dream,” it is the involuntary ejaculation of semen during sleep.
What is vasectomy reversal?
A surgical procedure to reconnect the vas deferens, restoring fertility after vasectomy.
What is prostate-specific antigen (PSA)?
A protein measured in blood tests to screen for prostate cancer.
What are the early symptoms of prostate cancer?
Frequent urination, difficulty urinating, weak urine flow, and blood in urine or semen.
What lifestyle changes help prevent erectile dysfunction?
Regular exercise, healthy diet, reducing stress, quitting smoking, and avoiding excessive alcohol.
What are phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
Medications like Viagra and Cialis that help treat erectile dysfunction.
How does diabetes contribute to erectile dysfunction?
It damages blood vessels and nerves, reducing blood flow to the penis.
What is the relationship between cardiovascular health and erections?
Poor heart health can cause reduced blood flow, leading to erectile dysfunction.
How does smoking affect male reproductive health?
It reduces sperm count, sperm motility, and erectile function.
What is sperm banking?
Freezing and storing sperm for future use, often for men undergoing medical treatments affecting fertility.
How does obesity affect male fertility?
It lowers testosterone levels, increases estrogen, and reduces sperm quality.
What is Klinefelter syndrome?
A genetic disorder where men have an extra X chromosome (XXY), leading to infertility and low testosterone.
What is testicular self-examination (TSE)?
A method for men to check for lumps or changes that may indicate testicular cancer.
When should a man start doing testicular self-exams?
From teenage years onward, ideally once a month.
A man complains of pain and swelling in his scrotum after unprotected sex. He also has a fever. What is the likely diagnosis?
A) Testicular torsion
B) Epididymitis
C) Hydrocele
D) Varicocele
B) Epididymitis
A 50-year-old man has difficulty urinating and a weak urine stream. What condition is most likely?
A) Prostate cancer
B) Prostatitis
C) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
D) Urethral stricture
C) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
A teenager finds a painless lump on his testicle. What should he do?
A) Ignore it
B) Wait and see if it goes away
C) Perform home treatment
D) See a doctor immediately
D) See a doctor immediately
A couple is struggling to conceive, and the husband had mumps as a child. What test should he undergo?
A) Prostate exam
B) Sperm analysis
C) Testicular ultrasound
D) Hormone test
B) Sperm analysis
A cyclist experiences numbness in his groin after long rides. What should he do?
A) Switch to a padded seat
B) Continue cycling normally
C) Ignore the numbness
D) Take painkillers
A) Switch to a padded seat
A man has a painful, prolonged erection lasting more than 4 hours. What should he do?
A) Wait for it to go away
B) Apply ice packs
C) Seek emergency medical care
D) Take aspirin
C) Seek emergency medical care
A bodybuilder using anabolic steroids notices shrunken testicles. Why?
A) Increased sperm production
B) Hormonal imbalance
C) Improved testosterone levels
D) Genetic condition
B) Hormonal imbalance
A man’s urine is cloudy after sex, with discomfort when urinating. What could this indicate?
A) Bladder infection
B) Prostatitis
C) Kidney stones
D) Retrograde ejaculation
B) Prostatitis
A patient experiences erectile dysfunction after starting blood pressure medication. What should he do?
A) Stop taking the medication
B) Consult a doctor for alternatives
C) Take a double dose
D) Ignore it
B) Consult a doctor for alternatives
A patient with low sperm motility asks for lifestyle changes. What should be advised?
A) Avoid heat and tight underwear
B) Increase alcohol intake
C) Reduce physical activity
D) Consume high-fat foods
A) Avoid heat and tight underwear
A man undergoes a vasectomy but wants children later. What is an option?
A) Vasectomy reversal
B) Testosterone supplements
C) Prostate surgery
D) Erectile dysfunction treatment
A) Vasectomy reversal
A 45-year-old man notices blood in his semen. What should he do?
A) Ignore it
B) Reduce sexual activity
C) Seek medical evaluation
D) Drink more water
C) Seek medical evaluation
A patient asks if using two condoms provides extra protection. What is the correct response?
A) Yes, it doubles protection
B) No, it increases the risk of breakage
C) Only if lubricated
D) Only with different brands
B) No, it increases the risk of breakage
A man experiences difficulty maintaining an erection after heavy alcohol consumption. Why?
A) Alcohol increases testosterone
B) Alcohol decreases blood flow
C) Alcohol improves nerve function
D) Alcohol boosts libido
B) Alcohol decreases blood flow
A patient is embarrassed about erectile dysfunction. How should a nurse approach this?
A) Ignore the concern
B) Reassure that ED is common and discuss treatment
C) Suggest lifestyle changes only
D) Tell him to accept it
B) Reassure that ED is common and discuss treatment
A teenager asks why his testicles sometimes move closer to his body. What is the reason?
A) Temperature regulation
B) Random movement
C) Sperm storage
D) Hormonal surge
A) Temperature regulation
A man worries that masturbation will permanently reduce his sperm count. What is the truth?
A) Masturbation permanently lowers sperm count
B) Masturbation has no long-term effect on fertility
C) Masturbation causes infertility
D) Masturbation damages the prostate
B) Masturbation has no long-term effect on fertility
A man who smokes heavily wants to conceive. What is the concern?
A) Smoking has no effect on fertility
B) Smoking reduces sperm count and motility
C) Smoking improves sperm function
D) Smoking increases testosterone
B) Smoking reduces sperm count and motility
A man with diabetes has erectile dysfunction. What is the likely cause?
A) Nerve and blood vessel damage
B) Increased sperm production
C) Enhanced testosterone
D) Enlarged prostate
A) Nerve and blood vessel damage
What is the primary function of the male reproductive system?
A) Produce testosterone only
B) Produce, mature, and deliver sperm
C) Regulate body temperature
D) Support female reproduction
B) Produce, mature, and deliver sperm
Which structure is responsible for sperm production?
A) Epididymis
B) Seminiferous tubules
C) Prostate gland
D) Vas deferens
B) Seminiferous tubules
Which cells in the testes are responsible for testosterone production?
A) Sertoli cells
B) Leydig cells
C) Spermatogenic cells
D) Dartos cells
B) Leydig cells
Which muscle contracts to wrinkle the scrotum and conserve heat?
A) Cremaster muscle
B) Dartos muscle
C) Perineal muscle
D) Bulbospongiosus muscle
B) Dartos muscle
What is the role of the cremaster muscle?
A) Lubricates the urethra
B) Produces seminal fluid
C) Moves the testes up or down for temperature regulation
D) Aids in sperm maturation
C) Moves the testes up or down for temperature regulation
Why are the testes located outside the body?
A) To allow sperm to mix with seminal fluid
B) To protect them from infections
C) To maintain a temperature lower than body temperature for sperm production
D) To enhance testosterone secretion
C) To maintain a temperature lower than body temperature for sperm production
What is the site of sperm maturation and storage?
A) Prostate gland
B) Vas deferens
C) Epididymis
D) Urethra
C) Epididymis
What is the function of the vas deferens?
A) Produces sperm
B) Stores sperm
C) Transports sperm to the urethra
D) Produces testosterone
C) Transports sperm to the urethra
Which gland produces a fructose-rich fluid to nourish sperm?
A) Prostate gland
B) Bulbourethral glands
C) Seminal vesicles
D) Epididymis
C) Seminal vesicles
What is the role of the prostate gland?
A) Produces a milky fluid that neutralizes vaginal acidity
B) Stores sperm
C) Produces testosterone
D) Stimulates erection
A) Produces a milky fluid that neutralizes vaginal acidity
Which structure produces pre-ejaculate fluid to lubricate the urethra?
A) Seminal vesicles
B) Bulbourethral glands
C) Epididymis
D) Dartos muscle
B) Bulbourethral glands
What is semen composed of?
A) Only sperm cells
B) Only seminal fluid
C) Sperm and fluids from accessory glands
D) Testosterone and sperm
C) Sperm and fluids from accessory glands
Which part of the penis surrounds the urethra and prevents it from closing during an erection?
A) Corpora cavernosa
B) Corpus spongiosum
C) Glans penis
D) Tunica albuginea
B) Corpus spongiosum
What is the main function of the corpora cavernosa?
A) To store sperm
B) To produce seminal fluid
C) To facilitate erection by filling with blood
D) To neutralize vaginal acidity
C) To facilitate erection by filling with blood
What is a common symptom of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
A) Testicular pain
B) Weak urine stream and frequent urination
C) Loss of sperm motility
D) Erectile dysfunction
B) Weak urine stream and frequent urination
Which structure prevents semen and urine from mixing?
A) Vas deferens
B) Bulbourethral glands
C) Internal urethral sphincter
D) Dartos muscle
C) Internal urethral sphincter
What is a key function of Sertoli cells?
A) Produce sperm
B) Provide nourishment and support for developing sperm
C) Secrete testosterone
D) Transport sperm to the urethra
B) Provide nourishment and support for developing sperm
Which structure carries both semen and urine?
A) Epididymis
B) Vas deferens
C) Urethra
D) Seminiferous tubules
C) Urethra
What is the function of the spermatic cord?
A) Supports and supplies blood to the testes
B) Produces testosterone
C) Produces seminal fluid
D) Stores sperm
A) Supports and supplies blood to the testes
Which condition results from fluid accumulation in the scrotum?
A) Epididymitis
B) Hydrocele
C) Testicular torsion
D) Prostatitis
B) Hydrocele
What is testicular torsion?
A) Inflammation of the testis
B) Twisting of the spermatic cord, cutting off blood supply to the testis
C) Enlargement of the prostate gland
D) Blockage of the vas deferens
B) Twisting of the spermatic cord, cutting off blood supply to the testis
Which condition is an infection or inflammation of the prostate gland?
A) Epididymitis
B) Hydrocele
C) Prostatitis
D) Testicular torsion
C) Prostatitis
What is retrograde ejaculation?
A) Premature ejaculation
B) Semen entering the bladder instead of exiting the penis
C) Low sperm count
D) Lack of sperm in semen
B) Semen entering the bladder instead of exiting the penis
What is a common cause of erectile dysfunction?
A) High testosterone levels
B) Diabetes and cardiovascular disease
C) Increased sperm count
D) Excessive exercise
B) Diabetes and cardiovascular disease
What is the most effective method of detecting testicular cancer early?
A) Blood test
B) Testicular self-examination (TSE)
C) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
D) Ultrasound
B) Testicular self-examination (TSE)
Which procedure removes part of the prostate to treat BPH?
A) Vasectomy
B) Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)
C) Prostatectomy
D) Hydrocelectomy
B) Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)
Which of the following is a surgical method for male sterilization?
A) Vasectomy
B) TURP
C) Hydrocelectomy
D) Epididymectomy
A) Vasectomy
What is the function of the internal urethral sphincter during ejaculation?
A) Prevents urine from mixing with semen
B) Regulates the production of testosterone
C) Increases blood flow to the penis
D) Lubricates the urethra
A) Prevents urine from mixing with semen
Which gland helps sperm survive the acidic environment of the vagina?
A) Seminal vesicles
B) Prostate gland
C) Bulbourethral glands
D) Epididymis
B) Prostate gland
Why does the prostate gland secrete a milky, alkaline fluid?
A) To nourish sperm with fructose
B) To neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina
C) To lubricate the urethra
D) To store sperm before ejaculation
B) To neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina
