Chapter I - Measuring Intelligence

Question 1

Who was Alfred Binet

Answer 1

Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who invented the first practical IQ test, the Binet–Simon test

Question 2

What does Craniometry means

Answer 2

Craniometry is the study of people’s intellectual abilities based on the shape and size of their head

Question 3

What Alfred Binet initially studied ?

Answer 3

Although Binet initially studied law, he never pursued a career as a lawyer. Instead, he became interested in medical science

Question 4

What does neurology means?

Answer 4

Neurology is the scientific study of the brain and the nervous system

Question 5

At what hospital Alfred Binet gained his first employment

Answer 5

Salpetriere Hospital in Paris

Question 6

Binet worked with Jean-Martin Charcot, the person often regarded as the founder of modern…

Answer 6

neurology

Question 7

At Salpetriere, Binet worked on topics as diverse as…

Answer 7

child development, visual illusions, mental illness and hypnotism

Question 8

In 1891, Binet, moved to the recently created psychology laboratory at Paris’s most prestigious university…

Answer 8

Sorbonne, where he became director and remained until his death in 1911

Question 9

Why Bine became desillusioned with the craniometry method

Answer 9

At his laboratory at the Sorbonne, Binet found that in most instances differences in head size were too small (often just a few millimetres). More importantly, the differences were not consistent, so children who performed poorly in school often had bigger heads than the children who performed well

Question 10

What does Confirmatory bias means

Answer 10

Confirmatory bias - when a scientist’s expectations unconsciously influence the outcome of their research.

Question 11

What does psychometrics means

Answer 11

Psychometrics - a field of study in psychology concerned with psychological measurements of things like attitudes, personality traits, mood or intelligence

Question 12

The disappointment with craniometry led Binet to abandon his method and move to

Answer 12

Psychometrics

Question 13

What does personality means

Answer 13

Personality is defined as the characteristic set of behaviors, cognitions, and emotional patterns

Question 14

What does battery of test means

Answer 14

a series of tests aimed at measuring the same thing, such as intelligence

Question 15

In 1895, Binet began work on a battery of tests. Success came a decade after in collaboration with

Answer 15

a young doctor, Theodore Simon

Question 16

In 1904, the government asked them to devise a reliable way of identifying children with…

Answer 16

special educational needs

Question 17

The final version of the Binet-Simon test was completed shortly before his …

Answer 17

his death in 1911

Question 18

As part of the Binet-Simon test, children were asked to perform a series of short tasks, such us…

Answer 18

• following commands
• naming objects in pictures
• defining abstracts words
• memorising spoken numbers
  There were 54 tasks in total, arrange in order of difficult

Question 19

When and by who it was translate into English the Binet-Simon test?

Answer 19

In 1908 by the American psychologist Henry Goddard.

Question 20

When was the Binet-Simon amended and by whom?

Answer 20

In 1916, by Lewis Terman who named his version the Standford-Binet test.

Question 21

Every how many years is revise and published a new version and which one is the most recent?

Answer 21

Every 20 years or so. The most recent is the fifth version of the Standfor-Binet test(the SB-V), published in 2003.

Question 22

What kind of abilities was assess in the Binet-Simon test?

Answer 22

• Short-term memory
• verbal ability and good command of language
• Numerical skills
• general knowledge questions(naming colors, distinguish between morning and afternoon and so on)
• Non-verbal reasoning (drawing objects or shapes)

Question 23

Which are the two most important Legacies from Binet’s test?

Answer 23

1. The specific abilities measured in Binet’s test feature in most subsequent intelligence test. e.g Wechster Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
2. Intelligence should be assessed only in relation to the population for which the test is intended. e. g Children performance compare with other children’s performance.

Question 24

What means ‘test norms’?

Answer 24

Benchmarks or standards used to assess an individual’s performance on intelligence tests. How a person’s test score compares with the scores of other test takers.

Question 25

What means ‘test standardization’?

Answer 25

The process of establishing test norms by administering the test to a large sample of population for which the test is intended.

Question 26

What was Binet’s central motivation?

Answer 26

Solve a practical problem.

Question 27

What was the difference between Binet’s and his contemporaries?

Answer 27

Intelligence for Binet was not a fixed thing, Intelligence could grow. His contemporaries treated intelligence as an inherent, innate and fixed property and used it as a tool of oppression and discrimination.

Question 28

What WAIS stands for?

Answer 28

Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Question 29

What does IQ stands for

Answer 29

Intelligence Quotient (quotient/a result obtained by dividing one quantity by another) - A score that indicates how a person’s intellectual ability compares to the general population

Question 30

IQ Formula

Answer 30

IQ = Mental Age divided by Chronological age X 100

Question 31

What’s Binet’s opinion in regards with the IQ test

Answer 31

He believed that the popularisation of IQ as a measure of intelligence makes intelligence seem like a fixed quality rather then something that could be changed through education

Question 32

What means Normal Distribution ?

Answer 32

Refers to the assumption that human characteristics ,which vary between people, will be distributed in a population in such a way that values at or close to the average will occur more frequently than extreme ones.