Chapter I: Introduction to Environmental Science

Question 1

The term “Environment” was derived from a French word “ which means to encircle or to surround.

Answer 1

“environner”

Question 2

These include living(biotic) and nonliving(abiotic) things that
surround us.

Answer 2

“Environment”

Question 3

Principle of the Population

Answer 3

by Thomas Robert Malthus

Question 4

1798, Theory that population growth will always tend to outrun the food supply and that betterment of humankind is impossible without stern limits on reproduction. This
thinking is commonly referred to as

Answer 4

Malthusianism

Question 5

Silent Spring

Answer 5

by Rachel Carson

Question 6

It meticulously described how DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane)
entered the food chain and accumulated in the fatty tissues of
animals, including human beings, and caused cancer and genetic
damage.

Answer 6

Silent Spring by Rachel Carson

Question 7

Tragedy of the Commons

Answer 7

by Garrett Hardin, 1968

Question 8

each individual gains much more than he or she loses by overusing a commonly held resource, so its destruction is simply an inevitable consequence of normal and rational behavior.

Answer 8

Tragedy of the Commons by Garrett Hardin

Question 9

A period of growth for the environmental movement. The movement began with a newfound interest in preservationist issues.

Answer 9

1960s-1970s

Question 10

which permanently set aside certain federal lands from commercial economic development in order to preserve them in their natural state.; controlling pollution.

Answer 10

Wilderness Act of 1964

Question 11

Acts of 1963 and 1967

Answer 11

Clean Air Acts

Question 12

Act of 1960

Answer 12

Clean Water Act

Question 13

Act of 1965

Answer 13

Water Quality

Question 14

(22 April 1970, New York);
to focus the public’s attention on threats to the environment

Answer 14

Earth Day

Question 15

In 1970, President Richard Nixon signed into law, which required an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for all “major federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment.“

Answer 15

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

Question 16

The 1980s; Environmental Backlash And Radical Environmentalism

Answer 16

1980s-1990s

Question 17

The Global Environment And The 1990s

Answer 17

1980s-1990s

Question 18

189 countries gathered at the United Nations and signed the historic Millennium Declaration Goals (MDGs)

Answer 18

2000-present

Question 19

The Global Consultation of Sustainable Development Goals

Answer 19

2000-present

Question 20

a plethora of things, including how a specific species or a group of
living creatures are influenced by their environment or some specific
aspects of it.

Answer 20

Ecology

Question 21

Environmental chemistry goes into more detail, and it explores things
like chemical effects on different plants, the chemical degradation of
the environment, and the way chemicals get transported through the environment.

Answer 21

Chemistry

Question 22

as the branch of physics concerned with the measurement and
analysis of interactions between organisms and their environment.
Most commonly, the organisms are plants and animals, and the
environment is the atmospheric or soil environment in which they
are surrounded.

Answer 22

Physics

Question 23

broadly the study of the relationship between individuals in their context within society – and its application to our understanding of
environmental issues.

Answer 23

Social Science