Chapter four: Flashcards
What are considered Nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What nucleotide is used to make DNA and RNA?
sugars
Ribose
Deoxyribose
What is the difference between Deoxyribose and Ribose?
The second carbon of ribose is bonded to a hydroxide and the second carbon or deoxyribose is bonded to a hydrogen
What is a nucleotide?
a phosphate group bonded to a 5-carbon sugar.
The five carbon sugar is bonded to a nitrogenous base.
What are the different types of Nitrogenous bases?
pyrimidines- composed of a single hydro-carbon ring
Purines- double hydrocarbon ring
What of the nitrogenous bases is found in both DNA and RNA?
Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine
What of the nitrogenous bases is found only in RNA?
uracil
What of the nitrogenous bases is found only in DNA?
Thymine
What nucleotides are Pyrimidines?
Cytosine, uracil, Thymine
What nucleotides are Purines?
Guanine, Adenine
What is the ribose problem?
In experiments where the controlled setting is the pre-biotic earth, it is very difficult to get ribose’s to from
What is the pyrimidine problem?
n experiments where the controlled setting is the pre-biotic earth, it is very difficult to get pyrimidine’s to form, but is very easy to get purines to form.
T/f Nucleic acids are monomers of nucleotides?
F, they are polymers
How do nucleic acids form?
Condensation reactions: When a hydroxide on prime phosphate group forms a bond with the hydroxide on the previous chain of 3 prime carbons.
What is the result of the condensation reaction to form nucleotides?
phosphodiester linkage
