Chapter Eight Flashcards

1
Q

Chapter Eight

party competition

A

battle of the parties for control of public offices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chapter Eight

political party

A

“team of men and women seeking to control the governing apparatus by gaining office in a duly constituted election.” - Anthony Downs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chapter Eight

linkage institutions

A

channels through which people’s concerns become political issues on the government’s policy agenda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chapter Eight

party image

A

voter’s perception of what the Republicans or Democrats stand for.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chapter Eight

rational-choice theory

A

popular theory in political science to explain the actions of voters as well as politicians.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chapter Eight

party identification

A

citizen’s self-proclaimed preference for one party or the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chapter Eight

ticket-splitting

A

voting with one party for one office and with another party for other offices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chapter Eight

party machines

A

type of political party organization the relies heavily on material inducements, such as patronage, to win votes and to govern.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chapter Eight

patronage

A

given for political reasons rather than for merit or competence alone. One of the key inducements used by party machines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chapter Eight

closed primaries

A

elections to select party nominees in which only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote for that party’s candidates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chapter Eight

open primaries

A

elections to select party nominees in which voters can decide on Election Day whether they want to participate in the Democratic or Republican contests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chapter Eight

blanket primaries

A

elections to select party nominees in which voters are presented with a list of candidates from all the parties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chapter Eight

national convention

A

meeting of party delegates every four years to choose a presidential ticket and write the party’s platform.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chapter Eight

national committee

A

one of the institutions that keeps the party operating between conventions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chapter Eight

national chairperson

A

responsible for the day-to-day activities of the party and is usually hand-picked by the presidential nominee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chapter Eight

coalition

A

group of individuals with a common interest upon which every political party depends

17
Q

Chapter Eight

party eras

A

historical periods in which a majority of voters cling to the party in power, which tends to win a majority of the elections

18
Q

Chapter Eight

critical election

A

electoral “earthquake” where new issues emerge, new coalitions replace old one, and the majority party is often displaced by the minority party

19
Q

Chapter Eight

party realignment

A

displacement of the majority party by the minority party

20
Q

Chapter Eight

New Deal coalition

A

coalition forged by the Democrats, who dominated American politics from the 1930s to the 1960s

21
Q

Chapter Eight

party dealignment

A

gradual disengagement of people and politicians from the parties, as seen in part by shrinking party identification

22
Q

Chapter Eight

party neutrality

A

term used to describe the fact that many Americans are indifferent toward the two political parties

23
Q

Chapter Eight

third parties

A

electoral contenders other than the two major parties

24
Q

Chapter Eight

winner-take-all- system

A

electoral system in which legislative seats are awarded only to the candidates who come in first to their constituencies.

25
Q

Chapter Eight

proportional representation

A

electoral system used throughout most of Europe that awards legislative seats to political parties in proportion to the number of votes won in an election

26
Q

Chapter Eight

coalition government

A

when two or more parties join together to form a majority in a national legisature

27
Q

Chapter Eight

responsible party model

A

view favored by some political scientists about how parties should work: parties should offer clear choices to the voters, who can then use those choices as cues to their own preferences of candidates