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Chem 118-01 > Chapter E - units, measurements and problem solving > Flashcards

Chapter E - units, measurements and problem solving Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the standard unit of measure for length?

A

meters (m)

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2
Q

what is the standard unit of measure for mass?

A

kilograms (kg)

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3
Q

What is the standard unit of measurement for time?

A

seconds (s)

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4
Q

What is the standard unit of measurement for volume?

A

liters (L)

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5
Q

what is the standard unit of measurement for Amount of substance?

A

mole (mol)

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6
Q

What is the standard unit of measurement for Electric current?

A

Ampere (A)

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7
Q

What is the standard unit of measurement for Luminous Intensity?

A

Candela (cd)

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8
Q

what is the symbol and the multiplier of the prefix kilo?

A

symbol: k Multiplier: 1000 (10^3)

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9
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix deci?

A

symbol: d multiplier: 0.1 (10^-1)

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10
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix centi?

A

symbol: c multiplier: 0.01 (10^-2)

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11
Q

what is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix milli?

A

symbol: m multiplier: 0.001 (10^-3)

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12
Q

what is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix micro?

A

symbol: μ multiplier: 0.000001 (10^-6)

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13
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix nano?

A

symbol: n multiplier: 0.000000001 (10^-9)

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14
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix pico?

A

symbol: p multiplier: 0.000000000001 (10^-12)

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15
Q

what is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix femto?

A

symbol: f multiplier: 0.000000000000001 (10^-15)

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16
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix atto?

A

symbol: a multiplier: 0.000000000000000001 (10^-18)

17
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix mega?

A

symbol: M multiplier: 1,000,000 (10^6)

18
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix giga?

A

symbol: G multiplier: 1,000,000,000 (10^9)

19
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix tera?

A

symbol: T multiplier 1,000,000,000,000 (10^12)

20
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix peta?

A

symbol: P multiplier: 1,000,000,000,000,000 (10^15)

21
Q

What is the symbol and multiplier of the prefix exa?

A

symbol: E multiplier: 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 (10^18)

22
Q

What is the equation to convert temperature from Celsius to Kelvin?

A

K = C + 273.15

23
Q

What is the equation to convert temperature from Celsius to Kelvin?

A

C = K - 273.15

24
Q

What is the equation to convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius?

A

C = (F-32)/1.8

25
Q

What is the equation to convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit?

A

F = 1.8(C) +32

26
Q

What is the equation for Density?

A

Density (g/cm^3) = mass(g)/volume(cm^3)

27
Q

when considering the reliability of measurements what does the number of reported digits represent?

A

The certainty in the measurement

28
Q

what is the significance of scientific measurements?

A

they are reported so every digit is certain except the last, which is estimated

29
Q

What does accuracy mean?

A

how close a series of measurements are to the actual value

30
Q

What does precision mean?

A

how close a series of measurements are to one another

31
Q

What is a systematic error?

A

error is all off in the same direction
can be identified and corrected

32
Q

what is a random error?

A

equal probability of measure being lower or higher than it should be
difficult to correct or find source

33
Q

What are the significant figures of exact numbers?

A

infinite significant figures
discreet objects - 100 pennies
conversion factors 1in = 2.54cm
integrals in an equation: radius = diameter/2

34
Q

What are the significant figures of nonzero digits?

A

always count as significant figures
e.g. 536 (3sf) and 82.64 (4sf)

35
Q

What are the rules for significant figures with interior zeros?

A

they are always significant
e.g. 4008 (4sf) and 2.06 (3sf)

36
Q

What are the rules for significant figures with place-holder zeros?

A

they are not significant
0.017 (2sf)
0.0000009 (1sf)

37
Q

What are the rules for significant figures with trailing zeros?

A

trailing zeros are always significant
e.g. 0.1200
trailing zeros before an implied decimal point are ambiguous, but can be avoided by using scientific notation
e.g. 54000 (5.4 x 10^4) = 2sf or 5.40 x 10^4) = 3sf

38
Q

When multiplying/dividing numbers, what should you be rounding numbers according to?

A

the significant figures

Chem 118-01 (8 decks)

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