Chapter 9 vocab

Question 1

compound used by cells to store and release energy

Answer 1

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 2

Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

Answer 2

photosynthesis

Question 3

light-absorbing molecules used by Plants to gather the sun’s energy

Answer 3

pigment

Question 4

prinCipal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms

Answer 4

chlorophyll

Question 5

saclike photosynThetic membranes found in chloroplasts

Answer 5

thylakoid

Question 6

Small opening in the epidermis of a plant that allows carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf

Answer 6

stoma

Question 7

carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

Answer 7

NADP+

Question 8

set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

Answer 8

light-dependent reaction

Question 9

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle

Answer 9

light-independent reaction

Question 10

cluster of chlorophyll and Proteins found in thylakoids

Answer 10

photosystem

Question 11

series of Electron carrier proteins That shuttle high-energy eleCtrons during ATP-generating reactions

Answer 11

electron transport chain

Question 12

cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it

Answer 12

ATP synthase

Question 13

the light-independent reaCtions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy Compounds such as sugar

Answer 13

Calvin cycle