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Anatomy - Thorax > Chapter 9 - Tubes of Thorax > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Tubes of Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

Course of trachea

A
  • Begins at lower end of cricoid cartilage opp C6
  • In erect posture, bifurcates opp T6
  • Lies in superior mediastinum
  • Covered by isthmus of thyroid gland
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2
Q

Relations of trachea

A 
ANTERIOR:
1. Manubrium
2. Sternothyroid muscles
3. Left brachiocephalic V
4. Inferior thyroid V
5. Aortic arch
6. Brachiocephalic and left common carotid A
7. Deep cardiac plexus
POSTERIOR:
1. Oesophagus
2. Vertebral column
RIGHT:
1. Right lung
2. Right vagus
3. Azygos V
LEFT:
1. Arch of aorta
2. Left recurrent laryngeal N
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3
Q

Structure of trachea

A
  • Fibroelastic wall
  • Supported by C shaped cartilaginous rings
  • Convex anterolaterally
  • Posterior gap closed by fibroelastic membrane
  • Contains transverse smooth muscle trachealis
  • Lumen has ciliated columnar epithelium with mucus and serous glands
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4
Q

Arterial supply of trachea

A

Inferior thyroid A

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5
Q

Venous drainage of trachea

A

Left brachiocephalic V

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6
Q

Lymphatic drainage of trachea

A

Pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes

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7
Q

Nerve supply of trachea

A

Parasymp: vagi, recurrent laryngeal
Symp: middle cervical ganglion

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8
Q

Features of oesophagus

A
  • Flattened anteroposteriorly
  • Lumen kept collapsed without food
  • Pharyngo-oesophageal junction is narrowest part of alimentary canal
  • Begins below cricoid cartilage
  • Descends in posterior mediastinum
  • Pierces diaphragm at level of T10
  • Opens into stomach at level of T11
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9
Q

Constrictions of oesophagus

A
  1. 6 inch from incisor - cricopharyngeus
  2. 9 inch - aortic arch
  3. 11 inch - left bronchus
  4. 15 inch - diaphragm
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10
Q

Relations of oesophagus

A

ANTERIOR:

  1. Trachea
  2. Right pulmonary A
  3. Left bronchus
  4. Pericardium
  5. Diaphragm

POSTERIOR:

  1. Vertebral column
  2. Right posterior intercostal A
  3. Thoracic duct
  4. Azygos V
  5. Thoracic aorta
  6. Diaphragm

RIGHT:

  1. Right lung
  2. Right vagus
  3. Azygos V

LEFT:

  1. Aortic arch
  2. Left subclavian A
  3. Thoracic duct
  4. Left lung
  5. Left recurrent laryngeal N
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11
Q

Arterial supply of oesophagus

A

Cervical: inferior thyroid A
Thoracic: oesophageal branches of aorta
Abdominal: oesophageal branches of left gastric A

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12
Q

Venous drainage of oesophagus

A

Cervical: brachiocephalic V
Thoracic: azygos
Abdominal: left gastric V, hemiazygos

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13
Q

Lymphatic drainage of oesophagus

A

Cervical: deep cervical LN
Thoracic: posterior mediastinal LN
Abdominal: left gastric LN

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14
Q

Nerve supply of oesophagus

A

Parasymp: upper half - recurrent laryngeal
lower half - oesophageal plexus
Symp: upper half - middle cervical ganglion
lower half - upper 4 thoracic ganglia

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15
Q

Course of thoracic duct

A
  • Largest lymphatic vessel
  • Beaded appearance
  • Begins as continuation of cisterna chyli near T12
  • Enters aortic opening of diaphragm
  • Ascends through posterior mediastinum till T5
  • Crosses to left
  • Arches laterally at C7
  • Opens into angle of junction b/w left subclavian and left internal jugular V
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16
Q

Relations of thoracic duct at aortic opening

A

A: Diaphragm
P: Vertebral column
R: Azygos V
L: Aorta

17
Q

Relations of thoracic duct in posterior mediastinum

A

ANTERIOR:

  1. Diaphragm
  2. Oesophagus

POSTERIOR:

  1. Vertebral column
  2. Right posterior intercostal A
  3. Hemiazygos V

RIGHT: Azygos V
LEFT: Descending thoracic aorta

18
Q

Relations of thoracic duct in superior mediastinum

A

A: aortic arch, left subclavian A
P: vertebral column
R: oesophagus
L: pleura

19
Q

Relations of thoracic duct in neck

A

ANTERIOR:

  1. Left common carotid A
  2. Left vagus
  3. Left internal jugular V

POSTERIOR:

  1. Vertebral A, V
  2. Sympathetic trunk
  3. Thyrocervical trunk
  4. Left phrenic N
  5. Scaleneus anterior
  6. Left subclvian A
20
Q

Tributaries of thoracic duct

A
  • In thorax, receives from posterior mediastinal, small intercostal nodes
  • Vessels from neck form left jugular trunk
  • Vessels from axilla form left subclavian trunk
  • Left bronchomediastinal trunk drains from left half of thorax
  • All these end in thoracic duct

Anatomy - Thorax (8 decks)

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