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Anatomy - Thorax > Chapter 8 - Major Vessels of Thorax > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Major Vessels of Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

Origin and course of superior vena cava

A
  • Formed by union of R and L brachiocephalic V
  • Begins at lower border of 1st right costal cartilage
  • Pierces pericardium opposite 2nd right costal cartilage
  • Opens into right atrium behind 3rd right costal cartilage
  • No valves
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2
Q

Relations of superior vena cava

A 
A: 
1. Chest wall 
2. Internal thoracic vessels 
3. Anterior margin of right lung
P:
1. Trachea
2. Right vagus
3. Root of right lung
M:
1. Ascending aorta
2. Brachiocephalic A
L:
1. Right phrenic N
2. Right pleura
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3
Q

Tributaries of superior vena cava

A
  1. Azygos vein joins at level of 2nd costal cartilage
  2. Mediastinal V
  3. Pericardial V
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4
Q

Origin and course of ascending aorta

A
  • From upper end of left ventricle
  • Enclosed in pericardium
  • Begins at lower border of 3rd costal cartilage
  • Runs upward, forward and right
  • Continues with aortic arch at upper border of 2nd costal cartilage
  • Has 3 dilatations(aortic sinuses): anterior, left posterior, right posterior
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5
Q

Relations of ascending aorta

A 
A:
1. Sternum
2. Right lung
3. Infundibulum of right ventricle
4. Pulmonary trunk
5. Right auricle
P:
1. Transverse sinus
2. Left atrium
3. Right pulmonary artery
4. Right bronchus
RIGHT:
1. SVC
2. Right atrium
LEFT:
1. Pulmonary trunk
2. Left atrium
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6
Q

Braches of ascending aorta

A
  1. Right coronary A from anterior sinus

2. Left coronary A from left posterior sinus

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7
Q

Course of arch of aorta

A
  • Begins at 2nd right costal cartilage
  • Runs upward, backward, left
  • Arches over root of left lung
  • Ends at level of body of T4
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8
Q

Relations of aortic arch

A 
ANTERIOR:
1. Left phrenic N
2. Cervical cardiac branch of left vagus N
3. Superior cervical cardiac branch of left sympathetic chain
4. Left vagus N
5. Left superior intercostal V
6. Left lung
POSTERIOR:
1. Trachea
2. Oesophagus
3. Left recurrent laryngeal N
4. Thoracic duct
5. Vertebral column
SUPERIOR:
1. Brachiocephalic A
2. Left common carotid A
3. Left subclavian A
INFERIOR:
1. Left bronchus
2. Bifurcation of pulmonary trunk
3. Ligamentum arteriosum
4. Left recurrent laryngeal N
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9
Q

Branches of aortic arch

A
  1. Brachiocephalic A
  2. Left common carotid A
  3. Left subclavian A
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10
Q

Course of descending thoracic aorta

A
  • Lies in posterior mediastinum
  • Begins at T4
  • Descends with an inclination to right
  • Ends at T12
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11
Q

Relations of descending thoracic aorta

A 
ANTERIOR:
1. Root of left lung
2. Pericardium, heart
3. Oesophagus
4. Diaphragm
POSTERIOR:
1. Vertebral column
2. Hemiazygos V
RIGHT:
1. Oesophagus
2. Azygos V
3. Thoracic duct
4. Right lung
LEFT:
1. Left lung
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12
Q

Branches of descending thoracic aorta

A
  1. 3-11 posterior intercostal A
  2. Subcostal A
  3. 2 left bronchial A
  4. Oesophageal branches
  5. Pericardial branches
  6. Mediastinal branches
  7. Superior phrenic A that anastamose with musculophrenic and pericardiacophrenic A
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13
Q

Right phrenic N

A
  • Short, vertical, deep
  • Crosses 2nd part of right subclavian A
  • Passes through vena caval opening of diaphragm
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14
Q

Left phrenic N

A
  • Long, oblique, superficial
  • Crosses 1st part of left subclavian A
  • Pierces left cupola of diaphragm
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15
Q

Pulmonary trunk

A
  • Starts from infundibulum of right ventricle
  • Overlaps beginning of ascending aorta
  • Divides into R, L pulmonary A at level of sternal angle
  • RIGHT PA goes behind ascending aorta and SVC to enter root of right lung
  • LEFT PA passes anterior to descending thoracic aorta to enter root of left lung and is connected to ligamentum arteriosus
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16
Q

Development of brachiocephalic A

A

Right aortic sac

17
Q

Development of right subclavian A

A

Proximal from right 4th aortic arch A

Remaining from right 7th cervical intersegmental A

18
Q

Development of left subclavian A

A

Left 7th cervical intersegmental A

19
Q

Development of common carotid A

A

3rd aortic arch

20
Q

Development of external carotid A

A

3rd aortic arch

21
Q

Development of pulmonary trunk

A

Truncus arteriosus

22
Q

Development of arch of aorta

A

Left aortic sac, 4th aortic arch, dorsal aorta

23
Q

Development of SVC

A

Upper half: caudal part of right anterior cardinal V

Lower half: right common cardinal V

24
Q

Development of coronary sinus

A

Remnant of left horn of sinus venosus

Anatomy - Thorax (8 decks)

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