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Physio > Chapter 9 - The ANS > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - The ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Effectors of Autonomic Neurons

A

Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Glands

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2
Q

TRUE/FALSE :

ANS has pre- and post- gangliac neurons

A

True

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3
Q

Somatic motor neurons

A

Cell bodies in spinal cord

1 neuron traveling to effector

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4
Q

Autonomic motor system

A

2 sets of neuron in PNS
1st has cell bodies in brain/spinal cord & synapses in autonomic ganglia
2nd has cell bodies in ganglion & synapses on effector

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5
Q

Sympathetic

A

“Fight, flight, & stress”

Increase glucose secretion
Exhibit tonic activity

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6
Q

Parasympathetic

A

“Rest & digest”

Produce opposite effects

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7
Q

Sympathetic Division

A

Aka thoracollumbar division

It’s preglangionic neurons exit spinal cord from T1 to L2

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8
Q

SD - most synapse on postganglionic neurons in the

A

Para Vertebral

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9
Q

SD - para vertebral ganglia forms what chain of interconnected ganglia paralleling spinal cord

A

Sympathetic ganglionic chain

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10
Q

Divergence

A

Preganglionic neuron may synapse with many postgangliac neurons s

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11
Q

Convergence

A

Different preglangionic neurons may synapse on SINGLE postgangliac neuron

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12
Q

Mass activation

A

Sympathetic act as a unit

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13
Q

Some preglangionic do not synapse in para vertebral ganglion but go to outlying :

A

Collateral ganglion

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14
Q

Adrenal medulla location

A

On top of kidney

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15
Q

Collateral Ganglion

A

Secretary cells appear to be modified postganglionic neurons

Release 85% epinephrine, 15% norepinephrine into blood

In response to preglangionic stimulation

Stimulated during mass activation

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16
Q

Epinephrine made by

A

Methylating norepinephrine

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17
Q

Parasympathetic Division

A

Aka craniosacral division
preglangionics fibers Originate in brain
Pre fibers will Synapse in ganglia located next to organs innervated
Parasym gang (terminal ganglia) supply postgang fibers that synapse on effector

18
Q

PSD-

Long vagus nerve

A

Carries most parasympathetic fibers

19
Q

Vagus (wondering )

A

Innervate heart, lungs, stomach, liver, sm. intestine, upper half of lg intestine, esophagus, pancreas

20
Q

Preganglionic fibers 52-4 innervate

A

Innervate lower half of lg intestine, rectum, urinary, & reproductive system

21
Q

Both symp&parasym preganglionics release

A

ACh

22
Q

Parasympathetic post ganglionic release

A

ACh called cholinergic synapses

23
Q

Most sympathetic post ganglionics release

A

Norepinephrine called adrenergic synapses

And only a small # release ACh

24
Q

Post ganglionics have unusual synapses called

A

Varicosities

which releases NTs along a length of axon aka synapses en passant

25
Q

Adrenergic Stimulation causes

A

Both excitation and inhibits room depending on tissue

26
Q

2 major broad subtypes of Adrenergic Stimulation

A

Alpha & Beta adrenergic receptors

4 possible receptors

27
Q

Drugs that PROMOTE actions of NT

A

Agonists

28
Q

Drugs that INHIBIT actions of NT

A

Antagonists

29
Q

T/F-

ACh is used at all motor neurons synapses on skeletal muscle, all preganglionics & parasym postganglionics

A

True

30
Q

2 cholinergic receptors

A

Nicotinic - simulated by nicotine, blocked by curane

Muscarinic - muscarine, atropine

31
Q

Somatic neurons release ACh to STIMULATE skeletal muscles

A

Excitatory

32
Q

Postganglionic release ACh will mostly be

A

Excitatory, but sometimes inhibitory

33
Q

Protein channels open = inhibitory or excitation ?

Closed?

A

Open= inhibitory

Closed= excitation

Both in muscarinic

34
Q

Most visceral organs receive

A

Dual innervation supplied by both symp & parasympathetic
2 branches often antagonistics
Can be complementary or cooperative

35
Q

Organs without dual innervation (symp)

A

Regulation achieved by increasing or decreasing firing rate

Eg adrenal medulla, arrector pili muscle, sweat glands

36
Q

Controls activity of ANS in brain stem

Cardiovascular, pulmonary, urinary, reproductive, & digestive systems

A

Medulla oblongata

37
Q

Centers for control of body temperature, hunger, & thirst, & can regulate medulla

A

Hypothalamus

38
Q

Responsible for visceral responses that reflect emotional states (role in emotional drives: anger, hunger, sex, thirst, etc..)

A

Limbic system

39
Q

Directing info to hypothalamus might combine to medulla which will give response

A

Cerebral cortex & cerebellum

40
Q

Autonomic neurons

A

Innervate organs not under voluntary control

Neurons are motor but there are sensory neurons from the viscera for control

Physio (3 decks)

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