Chapter 9 Study Guide Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed
amendment is a change to an existing law.
How does an amendment get proposed?
An amendment may be proposed by 2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
by ¾ of the state legislatures.
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming the Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
President-George Washington
Vice President-John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
Treasury deals with financial matters
War department deals with nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State,secretary of Treasury,secretary of War,and the attorney General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Tomas Jefferson-secretary of state
Alexander Hamilton-secretary of Treasury
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn state laws
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
Amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Have the federal government take care of the state debts after the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The Southern states because they owed less then the northern states and would have to pay more than their fair share to compensate
Why did the south agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lesson the national debt
In exchange for the US capital to be moved to the south,Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was okay for him to create a national bank?
He said a national bank fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff
Tax on imported goods
What was the whiskey rebellion
A civil uprising against the tax power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the presidency
He believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party
Favored a strong government
Rule by wealthy
Loose interpretation of the constitution
What are the 4 aspects of the Democratic or Republican Party
State banks
State government
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties
That they divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoriting one side in a political discussion
Partisan
Before the election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine presidential candidates
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America
XYZ Affair
What were three acts created after the XYZ affair
Nationalization Acts
Alien Acts
Sedition Acts
What was Nationalization Acts
Required Aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for government
What were Alien Acts
Allowed President to deport aliens that were considered dangerous
What were Sedition Acts
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What amendment did the Sedition Acts contradict
The 1st Amendment
