Chapter 9 Study Guide Flashcards
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st 10 amendments to the constitution
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
By 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
By 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petition the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects aganist unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th Amendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Without due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th Amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
From claiming the Bill of Rights are the only rights americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States could be used as protection aganist the powers of a national government
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington and John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department~ Handle Relations w/ other nations
Treasury Department~ Deal w/ financial matters
War Department~ Deals w/ nations defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and Henry Knox
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary
Federal courts could over turn state laws
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the states debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
The southern states because they owed less than the northern states and would have to pay more than their fair share to compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
In exchange for the US capital being moved to the south, Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
It fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising aganist the taxing power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
Politicial Parties Began to Form and He Thought They Would Divide the Government
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal government, rule by wealthy, loose interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State banks, state governments, rule by the people, strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He was aganist it
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
The XYZ Affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak or write false
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st Amendment
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
