Chapter 9 Section 3 From Bedrock To Soil Flashcards
What is parent rock?
A rock formation that is the source of soil
What is soil?
A loose mixture of rock fragments, organic material, water, and air that can support the growth of vegetation.
What is the bedrock?
A layer of rock beneath soil
Soil that remains above its parent rock is called…
Residual soil
Soil that is carried away from its parent rock by wind, water, ice, or gravity is called…
Transported soil
What does soil composition describe?
Soil composition describes the kinds and relative amounts of materials that the soil contains.
This soil property describes the relative amounts of soil particles of different sizes…
Soil texture
The ability of water to move into the soil is called…
Infiltration
The ability of soil to hold nutrients into supply nutrients to plants is called…
Soil fertility
What is humus?
Dark, organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals
What are horizons?
Horizontal layers of soil
What does soil pH influence?
Soil pH influences how do nutrients dissolve in the soil.
How does a tropical climate affect soil?
Heavy rains which nutrients from the topsoil. Tropical soils are nutrient poor. Vegetation uses up most soil nutrients.
How do desert an Arctic climate affect soil?
Soil form slowly due to a lack of rain and lack of chemical weathering and little plant and animal life. Soil has little humus.
How does temperate climates affect soil?
High rates of mechanical weathering cause fix soil layers to form. A moderate amount of rain causes chemical weathering rates to be high. temperate soils are some of the most productive soils in the world.
